101年 - 101 國立嘉義大學_碩士班招生考試試題_外國語言學系：語言學概論#146451

1. For the following phrase structure tree, write down the phrase structure rules and provide two sentences that can be generated by each structure. (22%)

_______1) A broken heart was all I got out of the affair.

_______2) She felt the thrill of discovery.

_______3) Warren wrote down his address and telephone number.

_______4) The park was the scene of a huge demonstration.

_______5) The elderly man was mugged in the park last night.

_______6) The goose quill was used for writing in the 18 century.

_______7) The president gets many letters every day.

3. In the study of language acquisition, it seems that our linguistic knowledge goes beyond the evidence that we have been exposed to in our childhood. In other words, although we do not have adequate input, we still acquire adult-like linguistic knowledge eventually. The problem is referred to the poverty of the stimulus. There are three typical inadequacies of linguistic input noted in the literature. Discuss what they are and give examples if necessary. (25%)

4. There are two logical connectives which can correspond to English or. The first is called inclusive or, while the second connective is called exclusive or. What is the difference between them? Give the truth tables and relevant examples/arguments for both of them to support your answer. (25%)