10.下列那一種抗真菌藥物對中樞的穿透能力最佳?
(A)amphotericin B
(B)fluconazole
(C)itraconazole
(D)nystatin
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統計: A(464), B(963), C(339), D(193), E(0) #2970514
統計: A(464), B(963), C(339), D(193), E(0) #2970514
詳解 (共 7 筆)
#6537130
綠本p.498
Amphotericin B 合併 Flucytosin可穿透至CNS、骨骼、眼睛
但是Amphotericin B單用無法穿透這些組織!
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#6204261
Fluconazole吸收良好且主要由腎臟排,中樞穿透力佳
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#7317287
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| 通過BBB | 排除方式 | |
| Ketoconazole | X | 肝 |
| Fluconzole | O | 腎 |
| Itraconzle | X | 肝 |
| Posaconzole | O | 肝 |
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#7368183
''High level of penetration of fluconazole into the CNS due to its smaller size, hydrophilic nature, and lower level of protein binding compared to those of AMB may explain the large differences in the permeability of the BBB to these agents.''
文獻來源:Pyrgos, V., Mickiene, D., Sein, T., Cotton, M., Fransesconi, A., Mizrahi, I., ... & Walsh, T. J. (2010). Effects of immunomodulatory and organism-associated molecules on the permeability of an in vitro blood-brain barrier model to amphotericin B and fluconazole. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 54(3), 1305-1310.
文獻來源:Pyrgos, V., Mickiene, D., Sein, T., Cotton, M., Fransesconi, A., Mizrahi, I., ... & Walsh, T. J. (2010). Effects of immunomodulatory and organism-associated molecules on the permeability of an in vitro blood-brain barrier model to amphotericin B and fluconazole. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 54(3), 1305-1310.
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URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2825964/
• 水溶性 (Hydrophilic) ← 儘管如此,因為分子很小還是可以進入 BBB
主因:
• 水溶性 (Hydrophilic) ← 儘管如此,因為分子很小還是可以進入 BBB
主因:
• 低分子量 (Low molecular weight)
- 306 Da 分子大小 → 輕易穿透 BBB → CNS
• 低蛋白結合力 (Minimal protein binding)
- 僅有 < 15% 的 Fluconazole 結合到蛋白質,剩下的在血液中當 Freedrug
- Freedrug + 小分子 = 可以穿過 BBB 機率變高進到CNS
• 不是被排除目標 (Not an efflux target)
- Fluconazole 不是很強的 Efflux pump (P-glycoprotein) 排除目標
• 發炎效果 (Inflammation effect)
- 發炎造成 → BBB 通透性增加
- 更容易穿過BBB 進入 CNS
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