14 Concerning the so-called countermeasures provided in the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts in 2001, which of the following statements is correct?
(A) The countermeasures include the use of force.
(B) The principle of proportionality does not apply when using countermeasures.
(C) States without direct injury are not entitled to apply countermeasures against offending States under any circumstance.
(D) Countermeasures shall not affect obligations for the protection of fundamental human rights.

15 Regarding the rights and obligations of persons without diplomatic or consular status under international law, which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) Spies have no diplomatic immunity status under international law. (B) When spies cause damage or casualties in other States, the State that sent the spies will still be held internationally responsible. (C) In order to understand whether another State has fulfilled certain international obligations, observers may be dispatch by one State to another State to perform observation work with the consent of another State. (D) Commercial representatives sent to other States to represent state-owned enterprises also enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.

16 Which of the following statements concerning diplomatic relations and missions is NOT correct? (A) Establishment of diplomatic relations by two states entails mutual recognition of states, but the termination of such relations does not per se mean the withdrawal of state recognition. (B) After two states have established diplomatic relations, additional agreements are not required for the establishment of permanent diplomatic missions. (C) The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations affirms the special status of diplomatic missions and agents, but it does not accord them with the right to grant diplomatic asylum. (D) Diplomatic agents and consular officers are closely related but perform different functions. Still, diplomatic missions are permitted to perform consular functions.

17 Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty provides that an attack on one member state shall be considered an attack against all member states, and the others may take necessary action to assist the attacked member. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty represents the collective right of self-defense as recognized in Article 51 of the UN Charter. (B) The exercise of collective right of self-defense does not require prior authorization from the United Nations Security Council. (C) According to United Nations Security Council, the lawful exercise of collective right of self-defense may only be in response to an armed attack initiated by a state or government. (D) Self-defense is an inherent right of states and is not created or granted by the UN Charter.

18 Concerning the legal capacities of the United Nations (UN), which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) The UN may become a litigant at the International Court of Justice. (B) The UN may bring the disputes between the UN and States to arbitration. (C) The UN has the capacity to conclude treaties. (D) The UN can seek remedies from offending States on behalf of its employees.

19 Which of the following statements about the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice over contentious cases is NOT correct? (A) The declaration accepting compulsory jurisdiction pertains to a state's prior commitment to accept the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice before the dispute arises. (B) The declaration accepting compulsory jurisdiction by a party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may be subject to conditions. (C) Should the parties disagree on whether the International Court of Justice has jurisdiction over the matters, such jurisdiction question shall be referred to and decided by the Permanent Court of Arbitration. (D) States not parties to the Statute of the International Court of Justice may also bring disputes before the International Court of Justice.

20 Which of the following international judicial institutions accept individual a subject in litigation? (A) The International Court of Justice of the United Nations. (B) The World Trade Organization. (C) The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. (D) The European Court of Human Rights.

1 假設 A 國生產玉米與黃豆兩種產品，且生產組合（20,000 公噸玉米，30,000 公噸黃豆）在生產可能曲線 上，則 A 國不能生產： (A) 20,000 公噸玉米、20,000 公噸黃豆 (B) 15,000 公噸玉米、30,000 公噸黃豆 (C) 22,000 公噸玉米、30,000 公噸黃豆 (D) 18,000 公噸玉米、25,000 公噸黃豆

2 在一定的資源稟賦（endowment）及生產技術下，一個經濟體系可能產出的商品組合係指下列何者？ (A)生產可能曲線（production possibility curve） (B)投入要求集合（input requirement set） (C)契約曲線（contract curve） (D)生產函數（production function）

3 下列何者屬於機會成本？ (A)投資機會訊息服務之諮詢費 (B)超商取貨付款內含之運費 (C)承租店面投入之裝潢支出 (D)自有土地興建停車場所放棄的最高土地使用租金

4 假設世界只有甲、乙兩國，兩國均可生產電腦和葡萄酒，而且只生產電腦和葡萄酒。甲國在電腦的生產具 有比較利益，乙國在葡萄酒的生產具有比較利益。若兩國相互貿易，則下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)其中一國只出口不進口不是均衡狀態 (B)甲國專業化於電腦生產並出口電腦、進口葡萄酒；乙國專業化於葡萄酒生產並出口葡萄酒、進口電腦 (C)甲國專業化於電腦生產並出口電腦、進口葡萄酒；乙國同時生產電腦與葡萄酒，但出口葡萄酒、進口電腦 (D)甲、乙兩國均同時生產電腦與葡萄酒，但甲國出口葡萄酒、進口電腦，乙國出口電腦、進口葡萄酒

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