22. Which of the following authentication factors would require that you input a piecе of information from memory in addition to using a smart card?
(A) Possession
(B) Knowledge
(C) Inherence
(D) Temporal

23. All of the following are examples of single-factor authentication, except: (A) Using a username and password combination to log on to a computer system (B) Answering security questions to reset a password (C) Use of a magnetic-strip security card to enter a secure door (D) Use of a smart card and PIN to log on to a computer system

24. Which of the following is the error rate at which biometric systems should be calibrated? (A) False positive rate (B) False rejection rate (C) False acceptance rate (D) Crossover error rate

25. Which of the following terms describes the process of allowing access to different resources? (A) Authorization (B) Authentication (C) Accountability (D) Identification

26. Which of the following states that users should be given only the level of access needed to perform their duties? (A) Separation of duties (B) Accountability (C) Principle of least privilege (D) Authorization

27. The ability to write to a particular file is an example of a ______(A) right (B) privilege (C) discretionary access control model (D) permission 

28. Which of the following types of malware appears to be a useful piece of software, but in fact is malicious in nature? (A) Worm (B) Trojan (C) Adware (D) Logic bomb

29. Which of the following types of malware infects critical operating system files, often replacing them with malicious ones? (A) Rootkit (B) Trojan (C) Boot sector virus (D) Ransomware

30. One of your users calls you in a panic because he has just seen a pop-up message on his computer screen that states that all of the files on the system are encrypted, and that he must pay to have them decrypted or lose them forever. You back up the user's files on a daily basis and update the antivirus signatures every other day. What is the best course of action to take in this case? (A) Pay the fee the ransomware is asking for. (B) Notify the authorities at once and attempt to update the antivirus signature with the latest release. (C) Wipe the computer's hard drives and restore the user's files from backup. (D) Reboot the computer.

31. Which of the following attacks involves sending false IP-to-MAC address mappings to a host, causing it to communicate with the attacker's machine instead of the legitimate one? (A) XMAS attack (B) Pharming (C) DNS poisoning (D) ARP poisoning

32. In a watering hole type of attack, which web site is an attacker most likely compromise? (A) An organization's official web site (C) A user's social media site (B) A site with a name very similar to the victim's web site (D) A site frequented by the users of a victim organization to 

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