7. The reaction Cr(s) + NO₃¯(aq) → Cr³⁺(aq) + NO(g) takes place in acidic solution.
What is the coefficient of H₂O(l) in the balanced equation?
(A)3
(B) 5
(C) 4
(D)2
(E) 1

8. For a particular process q = -10 kJ and w = 25 kJ. Which of the following statements is true? (A)The system does work on the surroundings. (B) Heat flows from the surroundings to the system (C) ΔE = −35 kJ (D)All of these are true. (E) None of these is true.

9. For the reaction H2O(l) → H2O(g) at 298 K, 1.0 atm, ΔH is more positive than ΔE by 2.5 kJ/mol.This quantity of energy can be considered to be (A)the heat flow required to maintain a constant temperature. (B) the work done in pushing back the atmosphere. (C) the difference in the H—O bond energy in H2O(l) compared to H2O(g) (D)the value of ΔH itself. (E) none of these

10. Choose the correct statement. (A)A reaction that exhibits a negative value of ΔS cannot be spontaneous. (B) Exothermic reactions are always spontaneous. (C) Free energy is independent of temperature. (D)At constant pressure and temperature, a decrease in free energy ensures an increase in the entropy of the system (E) none of these

11. Consider a solution consisting of the following two buffer systems:H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3- + H+  pKa= 6.4 ； H2PO4-⇌ HPO42- + H+ pKa = 7.2At pH 6.4, which one of the following is true of the relative amounts of acid and conjugate base present? (A)[H2CO3] ＞ [HCO3¯] and [H2PO4-] ＞ [HPO42-] (B) [HCO3-] ＞ [H2CO3] and [HPO42-] ＞ [H2PO4-] (C) [H2CO3] ＞ [HCO3-] and [HPO42-] ＞ [H2PO4-] (D)[H2CO3] = [HCO3-] and [HPO42-] ＞ [H2PO4-] (E) [H2CO3] = [HCO3-] and [H2PO4-] ＞ [HPO42-]

12. What is the probability of finding a particle in a one-dimensional box in energy level n = 4 between x = L/4 and x = L/2? (L is the length of the box.) (A)50% (B) 12.5% (C) 33% (D)25% (E) 37.5%

13. According to the VSEPR model, the electron pairs around NH3 and those around CH4 are arranged (A)differently, because in each case there are a different number of atoms around the central atom. (B) the same, because both nitrogen and carbon are in the second period. (C) differently, because in each case there are a different number of electron pairs around the central atom. (D)differently or the same, depending on the conditions leading to maximum repulsion. (E) the same, because in each case there are the same number of electron pairs around the central atom.

14. Which statement about the thiocyanate ion, SCN-, is true? (A)Only one correct resonance structure can be drawn. (B) Its Lewis structure contains an unpaired electron. (C) Its shape is bent like that of H2O. (D)There are more than two σ bonds in the ion. (E) none of these

15. Initial rate data have been determined at a certain temperature for the gaseous reaction2NO + 2H2 → N2 + 2H2O What is the numerical value of the rate constant? (A)1.5 (B) 9.9 (C) 3.0 (D)0.13 (E) 0.44

16. The reaction A → B + C is known to be zero order in A with a rate constant of 5.0 × 10-2 mol/L • s at 25° C. An experiment was run at 25°C where [A]0 = 1.0 × 10-3 M. What is the integrated rate law? (A)[A] = kt (B) [A]0 - [A]= kt (C) [A] – [A]0 = kt (D)(E)

17. A p-type semiconductor (A)is made by doping host atoms with atoms having more valence electrons than the host. (B) has electrons that lie close in energy to the conduction bands. (C) is made by doping host atoms with atoms having fewer valence electrons than the host (D)two of these (E) none of these

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