8. According to the R.O.C. Patent Act, which of the following is not a condition under which any person may request an invalidation action against an invention patent with the Specific Patent Agency?
(A) The description does not fully disclose the invention in a manner that is clear and sufficient for it to be understood and carried out by a person having ordinary skill in the art.
(B) The Chinese translation submitted pursuant to Paragraph 3 of Article 25 extends beyond the scope of content disclosed in the original foreign language documents as filed.
(C) A post-grant amendment substantially enlarges or alters the scope of the claim(s) as published.
(D) The inventor’s right to be indicated as such is infringed.

9. Under the R.O.C. Patent Act, which of the following conditions does not limit the exclusive rights of patents? (A) Acts done privately and for non-commercial purposes. (B) Research and trials for the purpose of obtaining registration and market approval of drugs under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. (C) Producing devices for preparing of medicines in accordance with a prescription from a physician. (D) Where, after the sale of a patented product made by the patentee or made under consent of the patentee, using or reselling such product.

10. Under the R.O.C. Patent Act, which of the following descriptions regarding utility model patent is incorrect? (A)"Utility model" means the conception of technical ideas relating to the shape or structure of an article or combination of articles or processes, utilizing the laws of nature. (B) The term of a utility model patent shall expire after a period of ten years starting from the filing date. (C) When exercising a utility model patent, the patentee shall not make a warning without presenting the technical evaluation report of the utility model patent. (D) Where a utility model patent is revoked, the patentee shall be liable for the damages suffered by another person due to the patentee’s exercise of utility model patent right prior to its revocation. The above shall not apply if such exercise is based on the content of the technical evaluation report of utility model patent and carried out with due care.

11. Company X files a patent infringement action against Company Y before the Intellectual Property and Commercial Court of Taiwan. In response, Company Y asserts that the asserted patent is invalid and presents prior-art evidence. During the litigation, Company X files a post-grant amendment application with the Taiwan Intellectual Property Office (TIPO), and the amendment proceeding remains pending.  Under the R.O.C. Intellectual Property Case Adjudication Act, which of the following statements is MOST accurate? (A) The court must stay the infringement action until TIPO and all subsequent administrative appeal proceedings regarding the amendment become final. (B) The court may not determine whether the patent has grounds for invalidation because such issues fall exclusively within TIPO's jurisdiction. (C) The court may independently determine whether the patent has grounds for invalidation and may consider the potential effect of the pending amendment without necessarily waiting for TIPO's final decision. (D) The court may determine patent validity, but it is prohibited from considering any amendment that has not yet been approved by TIPO.

12. Under the R.O.C. Patent Act, if a patentee wishes to amend the scope of claims after the grant of the patent, which of the following conditions must be satisfied for the amendment to be legally permissible? (A) The amendment may broaden the scope of claims as long as it is within one year after grant. (B) The amendment is allowed only if the patentee pays an additional annuity fee within six months of the amendment request. (C) The amendment must not substantially enlarge or alter the scope of the claims, and must comply with the requirements of clarity and support by the specification. (D) The amendment can freely introduce new technical features not disclosed in the original specification, provided they improve industrial applicability.

13. A patentee holds a valid patent for a chemical formulation requiring the use of "alkaline earth metal" as a core stabilizing element. A competitor later manufactures a competing product substituting the "alkaline earth metal" with a specific silicate compound. Compared with the patent concerned, while the product does not fall within the literal scope, it functions substantively the same, known to a skilled person at the time of infringement. Under Taiwan's patent infringement assessment guidelines, which legal framework should the court invoke to determine whether infringement is established? (A) The Prosecution History Estoppel (B) The Compulsory Licensing Provisions to permit third-party usage based on public interest. (C) The Literal Infringement Test to confirm absolute textual identity between the claim and the accused product. (D) The Doctrine of Equivalents to prevent the competitor from avoiding liability through insubstantial variations.

14. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of patent rights? (A) Territoriality (B) Exclusivity (C) Perpetuity (D) Transferability

15. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Bolar Exception in patent law? (A) To allow competitors to manufacture and commercially sell patented products before the patent expires. (B) To permit activities necessary for obtaining regulatory approval of a product before patent expiration. (C) To grant an automatic extension of the patent term for pharmaceutical inventions. (D) To exempt universities from liability for all forms of patent infringement.

16. Under Taiwan patent practice, a divisional application is generally permissible only when: (A) The parent application has already matured into a patent right. (B) The parent application remains procedurally pending and the statutory requirements for division are satisfied. (C) The applicant intends to extend the patent term of the parent application. (D) The parent application has been finally rejected and all remedies have been exhausted.

17. In a patent infringement action before the Intellectual Property and Commercial Court, a Technical Examination Officer (TEO) prepares a technical report to assist the court in understanding the technology at issue. Which of the following statements is most accurate under R.O.C.'s Intellectual Property Case Adjudication Act? (A) The court may rely on the TEO's report as binding expert evidence without disclosing it to the parties. (B) The TEO may independently determine whether the patent is valid and issue a decision binding on the court. (C) The parties must be given an opportunity to review and respond to the TEO's opinions before the court relies upon them. (D) The TEO serves as a court-appointed expert witness and may be cross-examined in the same manner as a witness.

18. The extension of Taiwan's design patent term from 12 years to 15 years was primarily intended to: (A) Provide design patents with protection equivalent to copyright protection. (B) Align Taiwan's system with international trends and enhance protection for design-intensive industries. (C) Eliminate the need for substantive examination of design patents. (D) Permit perpetual protection for industrial designs.

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