(二)另有某外國商品之正常價值為75元，出口至甲國之價格為80元，甲國同類商品價格為100元，且該項進口已造成甲國產業損害。假設上述價格可直接比較，甲國可否僅據此認定該商品構成傾銷並課徵反傾銷稅？請說明理由。（10分）

(一)假設目前美國持有的外國資產總額（Gross Foreign Assets）為 35 兆美元，其中 70%以外幣（FC）計價，30%以美元（USD）計價；而美國對外負債總額（Gross Foreign Liabilities）為 50 兆美元，且 100% 以美元計價。若美元對所有主要外幣瞬間貶值 10%（假設這些資產與 負債的外幣/本幣實際價值不變），請計算貶值後美國的淨對外財富 （Net Foreign Wealth, NFW）將變為多少？淨對外財富的變動額是多少？ （15 分）

(二)請闡述上述計算結果背後的經濟機制。這種貨幣結構如何使美國可免於像一般新興市場國家，在貨幣貶值時陷入「國際收支危機」？（10 分）

(一)請計算私人儲蓄（Sp）、政府儲蓄（Sg）、國民儲蓄（S）、經常帳餘額（CA）。（10分）

(二)承上題，若政府決定實施減稅，使淨稅收T減少100（降至700）。假設消費者將減稅額的一半用於增加消費，另一半用於增加私人儲蓄（即C增加50，Sp增加50），而政府購買G與投資I保持不變。請計算新的經常帳餘額（CA'）；從儲蓄–投資恆等式出發，簡述何謂「雙赤字」，並說明「經常帳赤字是否必然代表一國經濟體質惡化」？（15分）

一、As a country continues to enhance its comprehensive state power—including its military, economic, and technological capabilities, as well as its participation and influence in international organizations—how should the existing hegemon respond to the rise of such country? In formulating your answer, consider whether the two countries share similar or different regime types, whether they are engaged in economic and trade relations and the extent of their mutual interdependence, and whether they participate in the same international institutions. Discuss these factors in detail. (20 points)

二、When a state must, on the one hand, devote every effort to reach the enormous electricity demands of artificial intelligence (AI) in order to maintain its technological competitiveness, while, on the other hand, to fulfill its commitments to reduce carbon emissions under the Paris Agreement, how should it reconcile these competing imperatives? Put differently, when the costs of developing and deploying green energy cannot, in the short term, provide electricity at a sufficiently competitive price to support a country’s AI development, should that country prioritize its own national interests, abandon its commitments to global warming governance, and increase its reliance on lower-cost fossil fuels? (20 points)

三、Please identify the “Atlantic Charter,” and its background. What were the details of the Charter? To what extent did the Charter impact the international order after the WWII? (17 points)

四、Please elaborate the origins of the Vietnam War and the reason of American intervention in the war. (18 points)

一、What are the sources of international law? Can the emerging international soft law serve as a source of international law? Please elaborate with examples. （25 分）

二、During the Russia-Ukraine conflict, multiple reports indicated that both Russian and Ukrainian armed forces have used cluster munitions. These weapons, upon detonation, disperse a large number of submunitions, can produce strategic deterrent effects. However, due to their lack of precision, they often cause extensive and indiscriminate harm in populated area. Furthermore, cluster munitions have a high failure rate, frequently resulting in unexploded ordnance (UXO), also known as "duds," which pose a significant threat to civilians long after the conflict ends. The 2008 Convention on Cluster Munitions (CCM) explicitly prohibits the use, development, stockpiling, acquisition, transfer and production of such weapons, but neither Russia nor Ukraine is a State Party to the Convention.Please analyze whether the use of cluster munitions complies with the rules of international humanitarian law.（25 分）

115年 - 115 外交特種考試_三等_外交領事人員類科英文組二：國際經濟（以英文命題及作答）#144545

115年 - 115 國際經濟商務特種考試_三等_國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組：國際經濟學（國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論）#144541

115年 - 115 國際經濟商務特種考試_三等_國際經濟商務人員類科各語組：國際經濟學（國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論）#144529

115年 - 115 外交特種考試_三等_外交領事人員類科英文組一、外交領事人員類科法文組、外交領事人員類科德文組、外交領事人員類科日文組、外交領事人員類科西班牙文組、外交領事人員類科阿拉伯文組、外交領事人員類科韓文組、外交領事人員類科俄文組、外交領事人員類科義大利文組、外交領事人員類科土耳其文組、外交領事人員類科葡萄牙文組：國際經濟#144523

115年 - 115 國家安全情報特種考試_三等_國際組（選試英文）：國際經濟學（含國際經貿組織）#140886

114年 - 114 公務升官等考試_薦任_經建行政：國際經濟學#133054

114年 - 114 外交特種考試_三等_外交領事人員類科英文組一、外交領事人員類科法文組、外交領事人員類科德文組、外交領事人員類科日文組、外交領事人員類科西班牙文組、外交領事人員類科阿拉伯文組、外交領事人員類科義大利文組、外交領事人員類科葡萄牙文組：國際經濟#130941

114年 - 114 外交特種考試_三等_外交領事人員類科英文組二：國際經濟（以英文命題及作答）#130924

114年 - 114 國際經濟商務特種考試_三等_國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組：國際經濟學（國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論）#130836

114年 - 114 國際經濟商務特種考試_三等_國際經濟商務人員類科英文組、國際經濟商務人員類科日文組、國際經濟商務人員類科韓文組：國際經濟學（國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論）#130831