1. RETURN TO SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
　Recently, a professor at state University was lecturing in a management development seminar on the topic of motivation. Each of the participants candidly discussed problems that existed in their respective organizations. Problem areas mentioned included absenteeism, turnover, and poor workmanship. The participants managed a variety of workers such as automobile assembly workers, clerical workers, computer operators, sanitation workers, and even some middle-level managers.
　During the discussion, one of the participants made of the following statement: “What we need to stop all of these problems is a little scientific management.”
Questions: (25%)
Source: Rue, L.W., Byars, L.L. (2005), Management Motivation, Management: Skill and Application, McGraw-Hill, NY.