⑷Heading

⑸Gravity center of a ship

二、中翻英：（25 分） 所有經指派負責航行當值之船副或參與當值之乙級海員，以及船上人員其職責為航 行安全、污染防制以及保全有關之人員，其休息時數不少於： z 任何 24 小時期間最少 10 小時之休息； z 任何 7 天期間最少 77 小時之休息。 上述休息時數之規定在緊急情況下得免予遵守。召集部署、消防與救生艇演習以及 其他國際公約規定的部署之安排應以對休息時數干擾最小之方式進行，並應確保這 些演習不會造成海員疲勞。

⑴The Fix position is the most accurate position available by navigators if in comparison with Dead Reckoning and Estimated Position. Acquirement of a precise Fix position needs practical experience. Basically, various position lines will be drawn on the chart to find the position of the vessel at the specific time.（10 分）

⑵Position line is any straight or curve line drawn on the chart. The ship position is known to lie on it. When you see a light house or other conspicuous objects, you can take the bearing of the light house or the objects with compass and azimuth circle. After obtaining the degrees of the specified light house and drawing the bearing line on the chart related to the target, a position line is obtained consequently. It shows that the vessel is located on that position line but without definite location at the particular time. As two or more position lines are obtained at the same time or only a few seconds apart, the intersection of the position lines becomes the FIX position of the vessel.（20 分）

四、請以英文作答：（20 分） The accuracy of magnetic compasses onboard ships can be influenced by both the terrestrial and ship magnetism. Such a physical phenomenon gives rise to either permanent or induced deviations to ships. Please discuss in English how the terrestrial and ship magnetism affect the magnetic compasses onboard vessels.

一、請說明氣相層析法（Gas chromatography）分析中藥成分之原理與應用。（10 分）何 謂靜相（固定相）（stationary phase）？（5 分）何謂流動相？（5 分）常使用之流動 相為何？（5 分）

⑴ Dragendorff 's reagent

⑵ Borntrager reagent

⑶ Keller-Kiliani reagent

⑷ Molisch's test

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