三、陸生植物是由水生植物演化而來。水生植物登陸必須要克服以下四大問題：1)乾旱：細胞會缺水，2)支持：周遭不再有水可以讓植物體漂浮其中，3)受精：沒有水可讓精子游過去與卵結合，4)傳播：無法藉著水這個媒介來散播生殖體(孢子或種子)。說明植物在登陸過程中，因為有哪些構造的改變，才得以克服這四大問題。(25分)

4. Conclusions 　The present study provides fertile ground for future research questions concerning incentive travel programs. First, seemingly contradictory results were obtained when comparing the incentive options on some key variables. For example, although the 'travel-type' rewards received the highest rating for attractiveness, cash received the highest rating for productivity improvement. Moreover, sales conferences received the highest rating for 'motivational effect'. Clearly, additional research is needed to explore the interrelationship between these variables before such results can influence those who determine policy in work organizations. This is an important research task, and one that we believe should be encouraged, given its far-reaching implications for management.

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