⑵補償變量（compensating variations）。（10 分）

⑶相等變量（equivalent variations）。（10 分）

⑴何謂「票決循環」？（15 分）

⑵我們如何以「單峰偏好」檢驗其是否會發生？（10 分）

一、英翻中：（10 分）     Trading globally gives consumers the opportunity to be exposed to goods and services not available in their own countries. Almost every kind of product can be found on the international market: food, clothes, oil, jewelry, wine, currencies, and water. Services are also traded. For example, tourism, banking, consulting, and transportation are traded actively on the international market.

二、中翻英：（10 分）     美國很多公司無法與廉價中國商品競爭，因此必須降低成本或停業。許多企業 通過將工作外包給中國或印度來降低成本。外包增加了美國的失業率。從就業 人數來看，美國製造業在 1998 年至 2010 年期間下降了 34％。隨著這些產業的 衰退，美國在全球市場上的競爭力也在下降。

三、申論題：（20 分）     Please write an essay of no more than 250 words to explain the mission of World Trade Organization (WTO) and why it is important for Taiwan to be a member of it.

一、請將下列英文翻譯成中文：（10 分）  The meaning of innovation and entrepreneurship, and the policies made to promote them differ across groups of developing countries. On the one hand, there is a small group of countries such as Brazil and Mexico which has achieved a certain stage of capitalistic development that provides an institutional environment for encouraging innovation and entrepreneurship. On the other hand, there is a large group of countries in Africa and Asia as well as in Latin America which lacks the critical level of capital accumulation even for sustainable development, let alone for the growth of innovation and entrepreneurship.

二、請將下列中文翻譯成英文：（10 分）  牽涉航空的恐怖主義早已行之有年。歷史上最具戲劇性的恐怖攻擊當屬阿爾蓋 達組織在 2001 年 9 月 11 日所發動。我們研究恐怖主義和國際民航運作之間的 關係就可以追溯出恐怖主義的發展，以及其戰術的革新。今日雖然恐怖主義從 高度結構性組織轉變到自發性任務導向的基層小組，恐怖份子的首要目標仍然 是航空。

三、英文短篇寫作（30 分）：請閱讀以下短文，並依指示寫作。文長必須在二百字以內。 The diplomatic culture of the 21st century is essentially different from that of the previous centuries. For example, the growing participation of celebrity actors and actresses in intergovernmental affairs, and international negotiations. In your opinion, do you agree that the new phenomenon is a plus to facilitate international diplomacy? Why? Or why not? Write a short essay in English in response to the question above. Few things you need to know before you begin to write the essay. (1) Provide just ONE argument, and support it with reasons as specifically as possible; (2) you will post the essay online (Facebook, Blog, or Twitter, etc.), and since your target readers are most probably from all over the world, write in a way that most people have no difficulty in understanding the main points of your argument; (3) since people nowadays do not have too much time for long essays, make sure the length of your essay has to be within the limit of 200 words. 代號：40140-40340 頁次：6－2

一、請問可利用那些創新方式，改善離島地區的運輸問題？（25 分）

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