2.「課程目標」與「教學目標」在課程設計中扮演著指引角色，試個別說明二者之來源及目的。(25%)

3. Bruner 的發現式教學(discovery teaching)和 Ausubel 的解釋式教學(expository teaching)，兩者背後的理念有何不同？教學特徵又有何差異？而您個人贊同那一種教學取向？請闡述之。(25%)

4. 根據俄國學者維谷斯基(Vygotsky)潛在發展區(zone of proximaldevelopment) 的觀點，產生所謂的鷹架教學(scaffoldinginstruction)和動態評量(dynamic assessment)，請問鷹架教學和動態評量的特徵為何？此外，依據潛在發展區的觀點，什麼樣的教學較能幫助學習落後的學生？(25%)

一、 請舉一實例說明研究問題(research questions)與研究假設(research hypotheses)的用途與兩者的相異處。(25分)

二、請詳述教育測量上所謂「成就測驗」(achievement test)之意義、功能及題型結構特色，並說明其編製、建構及品質分析評估之歷程(請列出分析類別、對應指標及評估標準)，同時統整歸納優良「成就測驗」之評鑑標準。(25分)

三、一般人常以行為「動機」與「結果」做為論斷個體「行為善惡好壞」之依據，試論述其交互作用所可能產生的各種現象，並各列舉一個實例以說明之。(25分)

四、請用中文說明此段大意，並依照您自己的觀點或相關之學理，評析段落內容。(25分) The word “caring” is an everyday word, and that creates a problem for those who use it as a theoretical term. In care ethics, we are not talking about care as burden, worry, trouble or mere concern, nor are we talking about caring as care-giving. We see the concept of caring as a virtue. We are primarily interested in caring relations. In such relations, both parties, the carer and the cared-for, make distinct contributions. The consciousness of the carer is characterized by a receptive attention. The cared-for receives the caring and responds in a way that signals its reception.

1. Now assume that Taiwan is a small open economy. If the Central Bank wishes to stimulate the economy by printing money, the trade balance will ___, the interest rate will ___, and the exchange rate will ___.

2. According to the Fisher model, if Joe wishes to consume more than his current income in Period 1, when the real interest rate increases, the income effect works to ___ consumption in Period 1, and ___ consumption in Period 2; the substitution effect works to ___consumption in Period 1, and ___ consumption in Period 2.

3. Assume that a large open economy with a floating exchange rate is described in the short run by the equations: C = 0.5(Y - T) T = 1000 I = 1500 - 250r G = 1100 NX = 1000 - 250e M/P = 0.5Y - 500r M = 1000, P = 1 CF = 500 - 250r CF denotes net capital outflow, and NX denotes the net exports. The short-run equilibrium values of Y=___, C =___, r =___, I =___, CF =___, e =___, and NX =___. If the government cuts T to 600, then the short-run equilibrium values of Y =___, C =___, r =___, I =___, CF =___, e =___, and NX =___. According to above results, when the government cuts taxes, the real interest rate will ___ and the exchange rate will ___.

4. In the Solow model with technological progress, suppose that two countries are exactly alike in every respect except that country A has larger population than country B. Then country A has ___level of total output, ___ level of output per worker, ___ level of output per effective worker, the ___ rate of growth of output per worker, and the ___ rate of growth of output than country B.

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