3. 作者說：寶可夢的「演化」其實更近似於個體發育的過程。為何演化二字要加上引號？ 為什麼作者認為寶可夢的演化更近以於個體發育的過程，請寫出你的看法。(請以 100 字以內論述作答，不得直接抄襲原文)(6 分)

6. 文本中，提及了哪些法國飲食對於麵包的爭論？並說明論點的要旨。 (請以 100 字 以內論述作答，不得直接抄襲原文)(6 分)

第參部分、寫作 題目：言教身教 提示：身為教師，除了言教外，也應注意身教，教師在教室內的一舉一動，對學生有很深刻的影響。教育的方式有多種，言教能以道理引導學生，解釋疑惑，並闡揚真理，身教則能以身作則，樹立榜樣。從事教育工作者的一言一行，常為社會大眾所重視，因為個人的言行舉止會直接、間接影響受教者，若自己的言行舉止能做良好的表率，無形中能夠潛移默化影響他人。請以「言教身教」為題，作白話語體文一篇。

V、Summarization & Cloze Test Question Setting (20%)說明：請將下列選文改寫，並以改寫後全文進行克漏字(綜合測驗)題組命題，該題組應有 5 題選擇題。            The Gibbon Genome Sequencing Consortium has successfully sequenced the genome of the Northern white-cheeked gibbon. Both gibbons and humans have DNA that changes during the course of their lifetime. Some DNA changes in humans are the result of mutations, which cause cancer and other diseases. The changes in gibbons' DNA have resulted in many changes to the species over a very short period of time. Although gibbons are close relatives to humans, their DNA changes do not cause disease. Understanding the pattern of the gibbon genome might turn out to be very important to humans. If these changes in DNA can be understood, scientists may be able to use the information to better understand human disease.      Cancer and other genetic diseases are caused by faulty gene regulation. Scientists have sought to understand human biology through the lens of gibbon DNA structures for some time. Until now, there has simply been too much information to analyze. The endless rearrangements made it difficult to align gibbon DNA to that of humans, but it has finally been accomplished. Scientists discovered a piece of DNA that is unique to the gibbon species. Gibbons have a specific repeat element, or a piece of DNA that copies itself multiple times throughout the genome. Repeat elements, in both gibbons and humans, are related to the maintenance of genetic structures. Scientists hope to be able to answer the question "Why can gibbon DNA rearrange itself without causing diseases—unlike humans' DNA?" If this complicated biological question can be solved, scientists may be able to work backward in order to help stop cancer, heart failure, and other human disease related to genetic repeats.

VI. Reading Comprehension Question Setting (15%) 請依下列選文，進行新式學測混合題題組命題，該題組應有 5 題，5 題中應包含三種混合題題型。       Our current economic model is a "linear economy" that extracts raw materials, turns them into products, and then discards them as waste after use. Only 7.2% of used materials are cycled back into our economies, burdening the environment and contributing to climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution.       The circular economy aims to minimize waste and promote sustainable resource use through smarter product design, longer use, recycling, and regenerating nature. Besides reducing pollution, it can help solve complex challenges like climate change and biodiversity loss.       While waste management is the common example, the circular economy goes far beyond that, applying to sectors from textiles to construction at various product lifecycle stages. In textiles, there are initiatives using regenerative agriculture for natural fibers, natural dyes, and producing higher quality, longer-lasting, repairable, and recyclable clothing. In construction, circular solutions include reducing virgin material use, reusing existing materials, or substituting carbon-intensive materials with regenerative alternatives like timber.       A true circular economy would see electronics refurbished, packaging becoming water-soluble and biodegradable, and animal waste used for fertilizer and biogas. Such measures are crucial, as we are already using more natural resources than are available, consuming over 95 billion metric tons in 2019 alone.     If current trends continue, we would need three planets worth of resources by 2050. Besides the 13% of food lost after harvesting and 17% wasted at retail, the amount of mismanaged electronic waste in 2019 7 equaled 7.3 kg per person, harming health and the environment.    To return to safe consumption limits, studies show we need to reduce global material extraction and use by a third. Transitioning to a circular economy will be instrumental, as material extraction and use currently account for 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Efficient, more circular use of just four key industrial materials could reduce emissions by 40% by 2050. Including circular approaches in the food system could achieve 49% reductions overall.    By embedding circular economy strategies into countries' climate pledges under the Paris Agreement, the transition to a low-carbon economy can be accelerated while protecting nature and creating green jobs. The circular economy provides a vital pathway to using our finite resources more sustainably.-rewritten from What Is Circular Economy and Why Does It Matter? (2023, April 23). United Nations Development Programme.

VII. Competency-Based Lesson Planning (20%)請撰寫一份符合素養導向教學設計之教案。Design a competence-based lesson plan which focusses on an important theme inherent in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). If possible, integrate the concept of SDGs with Keelung City in the lesson plan.

1. (20%) Let X be a random variable with the Poisson distribution with parameter of λ. Show that the mean and variance of X are both λ.

2. (20%) Conduct a test of goodness-of-fit to determine whether the data below follow a normal distribution with μ =65 and σ=21, using a 0.05 level of significance.

(a) Answer the question using a 0.05 level of significance.

(b) Answer the question using the P-value approach.

(c) Answer the question using a confidence interval. 

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