4. 2022 年諾貝爾生醫獎得主 Svante Pääbo 定序尼安德塔人與丹尼索瓦人的 DNA，經由比對發現，現代人帶有尼安德塔人或丹尼索瓦人的基因， 這樣的研究成果對人類有何貢獻？（3 分）

5. 作為一位高中生物老師，你會如何引導學生思考人類的起源？（4 分）

一、翻譯：人工智慧是讓計算機能模仿人類認知能力，像人類一樣思考、學習、解決問題， 並從經驗中不斷產生自我學習和改進的技術，目前已在各領域大量應用，如人臉辨識、 自動駕駛、醫療科技等。

二、請改寫以下新聞，編寫成符合高三程度，答題數為 10 題的文意選填    Tariffs implemented during the second presidency of Donald Trump have marked a sharp escalation in protectionist trade policies in the United States, with President Donald Trump announcing a series of steep tariffs on nearly all goods imported to the US. From January to April 2025, the US trade-weighted average tariff rose from 2% to an estimated 24%, the highest level in over a century.      Trump escalated an ongoing trade war with China, raising baseline tariffs on Chinese imports to an effective 145% after April 9, 2025. He also initiated a new trade war with Canada and Mexico by imposing a 25% tariff on most goods from the countries, though he later granted indefinite exemptions for goods compliant with the USMCA. Trump framed these actions as a way to hold the countries accountable for contraband drug trafficking and illegal immigration while supporting domestic manufacturing. He later imposed a 25% tariff on imported steel, aluminum, and automobiles from all countries, with tariffs on auto parts expected to follow.      On April 2—a day he called "Liberation Day"—Trump signed an executive order imposing a minimum 10% tariff on all U.S. imports effective April 5. Higher tariffs on imports from 57 countries, ranging from 11% to 50%, were scheduled to take effect on April 9 but were almost immediately suspended for 90 days for all countries except China. The 10% tariff remains in effect. The announcement of these controversially termed "reciprocal tariffs" prompted retaliation from trade partners and triggered a stock market crash. According to the Trump administration's reciprocal tariff formula, trade deficits are viewed as inherently harmful and should be eliminated, a view many economists rejected as based on a flawed understanding of trade, likening it to treating everyday purchases as losses. Economists cited by the administration said their research had been misinterpreted and that the administration's formula and goals were simplistic and illogical. Media outlets argued the tariffs were not reciprocal but rather unilateral protective tariffs. The tariffs have contributed to lowered GDP growth projections by the Federal Reserve and OECD and rising expectations of a recession.

三、Course Design The Ministry of Education (MOE) has recently launched a five-year program to promote socialemotional learning (SEL) in schools. In fact, SEL has been promoted in the United States and the European Union for several years. Please elaborate on what SEL is, why it is important in today’s educational context, (10%) and how you, as an English teacher, can effectively integrate SEL into your English classes based on the following passage in FOUR periods.      I am a plastic bag. When I was very young, I was sent from the factory to a convenience store. I stayed there for a long time and waited eagerly to be used. Finally, some kids came along, bought some snacks, and took me along to the beach for a picnic. When it was getting dark, they packed everything up and let me stay there alone! The wind started to howl, and suddenly I was in the sea all on my own.      I floated helplessly in the water for a while, but soon realized I wasn’t alone. I was surrounded by plastic cups, plates, and straws. After days of drifting, I started to envy the birds up above, who were flying so high and free. I could only follow the currents. Suddenly, I went down a tunnel into a chamber. “What happened?” I asked a fork next to me. “I think we were just swallowed by a huge fish!” he replied. More and more of us were swallowed until it got quite crowded inside. We obviously weren’t that nutritious because the fish died after a few days.     The fish’s body slowly decomposed, and then I was back in the ocean. One day, a big wavecame and threw me up onto the shore. A few days later, some schoolchildren walked up to me. They were carrying bags and pairs of tongs. I felt a sudden pinch, and the next thing I knew, I was inside a big bag of trash. A teacher told the schoolchildren, “Because of all the littering, a lot of plastic products end up in the ocean. They are then consumed by different sea creatures. You might think that’s okay, but when we eat seafood, the poisonous substances from the plastic end up inside us and make us feel sick.”     According to a plastic bottle nearby, the humans are going to take us to a recycling plant. Ireally don’t understand them. They produce us to make their lives better, but then they misuse us and make everyone’s life worse! I’m tired of floating around, killing fish, and causing harm to the environment. I really hope that my future owner will use me properly in my next life. Source: Long Teng English Book 1 Lesson 5 The Life of A Plastic Bag

 1. Course Theme and Learning Objectives: Define a clear theme and set measurable objectives that promote language skills and intercultural exchange.

2. Intercultural Exchange Activities: Plan interactive activities that foster meaningful cultural sharing and mutual understanding.

3. Language Skill Integration:

4. Detail how listening, speaking, reading, and writing tasks are incorporated to enhance English proficiency.

5. Time Management: Provide a structured timeline for the session, ensuring efficient use of the 50 minutes and a smooth flow between activities.

一、Do the ever-improving tools of an area of knowledge always result in improved knowledge? 一個知識領域不斷改進的工具是否總是能帶來知識的提升？ Discuss this in relation to the subject you taught. 請用你所教授的學科進行這個問題的討論。

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