115年 - 115 國立中興大學_學士後醫學系公費生招生考試：英文#138025

1. After the rain stopped, the sun began to ____ from behind the dark clouds. (A) emerge (B) conceal (C) vanish (D) sweep

2. Moving to a new country was a ____ change for the family, but they eventually felt at home. (A) drastic (B) trivial (C) nonchalant (D) brittle

3. The company decided to ____ the old building and replace it with a modern park. (A) envision (B) demolish (C) preserve (D) inhabit

4. The treatment aims to ______ kidney function to its normal, fully healthy state. (A) restore (B) replace (C) prevent (D) improve

5. If laboratory samples are not handled properly, they may become ______ and give inaccurate results. (A) purified (B) isolated (C) sterilized (D) contaminated

6. Poor ______ with prescribed medications and lifestyle changes reduced the effectiveness of the treatment. (A) potency (B) regulation (C) compliance (D) composition

7. Long-standing high blood pressure, known as ______, significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. (A) obesity (B) diabetes (C) hypertension (D) inflammation

8. All laboratory ______ was sterilized prior to the experiment. (A) modules (B) protocols (C) formulas (D) apparatus

9. A diffuse rash appeared across the patient’s torso. What does diffuse most nearly mean here? (A) Localized (B) Widespread (C) Recurrent (D) Discolored

10. The patient showed improvement after ______ treatments administered in sequence, indicating a positive response to therapy. (A) successive (B) simultaneous (C) sporadic (D) isolated

11. The vaccine uses a conjugate protein, in which a polysaccharide antigen is covalently attached to a protein carrier, to enhance the immune response. What does conjugate most nearly mean here? (A) Fragmented into smaller components (B) Chemically linked to another molecule (C) Attenuated to reduce pathogenicity (D) Purified from other components

12. This mutation is known to ______ resistance, giving the organism a new ability to survive antibiotic treatment. (A) boost (B) confer (C) increase (D) enhance

13. Endocrine cells ______ hormones directly into the bloodstream as part of their normal function, rather than through ducts. (A) inject (B) secrete (C) implant (D) administer

14. In a chemical reaction, the solution remained ______, with a pH of seven. (A) basic (B) neutral (C) acidic (D) reactive

15. The patient reported abdominal discomfort after the procedure, including cramping and tenderness in the area below the ribs. What does abdominal most nearly mean here? (A) Concerning digestion (B) Concerning the lower back (C) Concerning internal organs (D) Concerning the stomach area

16. Damage to the spinal cord can result in paralysis or loss of movement. What does spinal most nearly mean? (A) Related to muscles that produce body movement (B) Related to the brain and higher mental processes (C) Related to the backbone and the cord of nerves it protects (D) Related to nerves throughout the body that transmit signals

17. The patient shows signs of renal impairment, including reduced urine output, swelling in the legs, and elevated creatinine levels. What does renal most nearly mean here? (A) Kidney-related (B) Urinary-related (C) Bladder-related (D) Liver-related

18. Smoking causes progressive damage to ______ endothelium of arteries and veins, increasing cardiovascular risk. (A) neural (B) vascular (C) epithelial (D) muscular

19. To prevent infection, the surgical field must remain completely ______, free from any microorganisms, throughout the procedure. (A) isolated (B) clean (C) sealed (D) sterile

20. The diagram clearly ______ the anatomy of the human heart, making it easier for students to understand. (A) hides (B) depicts (C) ignores (D) obscures

21. Genetic testing identified an enzyme ______ that prevented normal metabolic processing of amino acids. (A) defect (B) duplication (C) enhancement (D) overproduction

22. The thyroid ______ plays a central role in regulating metabolic rate. (A) gland (B) vessel (C) tissue (D) organelle

23. Reduced peripheral ______ can delay wound healing in diabetic patients. (A) texture (B) transfer (C) polarity (D) circulation

24. The scientist had to ____ the data carefully to make sure the results were accurate. (A) mimic (B) analyze (C) abandon (D) invent

25. The study covered a time ______ of ten years, tracking patient outcomes from 2010 to 2020. (A) span (B) gap (C) pause (D) rupture

26. The biopsy specimen was sent to the laboratory for ______ to identify the underlying disease processes at the cellular level. (A) pathology examination (B) diagnostic examination (C) laboratory analysis (D) chemical assay

27. The virus primarily targets the ______ tract, causing cough and shortness of breath. (A) respiratory (B) circulatory (C) digestive (D) immune

28. Before administration, the drug must be ______ with saline to achieve the correct concentration. Select the word that best completes the sentence. (A) diluted (B) scattered (C) weakened (D) dispersed

29. Exposure to certain drugs may interfere with ______ development during early pregnancy. (A) fetal (B) embryo (C) neonatal (D) postnatal

30. Researchers ______ that the new drug may reduce inflammation in elderly patients, forming a preliminary hypothesis for further study. (A) ignore (B) dismiss (C) postulate (D) observe

31. In a lab experiment, a specific chemical ______ is added to a solution to produce a visible change if the target substance is present. (A) solvent (B) enzyme (C) reagent (D) catalyst

32. A single-base ______ in the DNA sequence caused a small change in the protein, which may alter its normal function in the body. (A) enzyme (B) protein (C) mutation (D) chromosome

33. Gene ______ is the process in which information from DNA is copied into another form so it can be used later in the cell. (A) alteration (B) replication (C) translation (D) transcription

34. She has a ____ memory and can remember every detail of a book after reading it once. (A) frantic (B) phenomenal (C) drowsy (D) shallow

35. The disease affects several ______ regions of the brain rather than a continuous area. (A) vague (B) continuous (C) overlapping (D) discrete

36. (A) stagnant (B) prominent (C) trivial (D) obsolete

37. (A) visible (B) vulnerable (C) imperceptible (D) impractical

38. (A) revolutionizing (B) diminishing (C) mimicking (D) pardoning

39. (A) immediate (B) explicit (C) arduous (D) offensive

40. (A) obstructing (B) streamlining (C) complicating (D) exhausting

41. (A) significant (B) obscure (C) indifferent (D) redundant

42. (A) breakthroughs (B) incentives (C) demerits (D) tragedies

43. (A) consistent (B) skewed (C) universal (D) objective

44. (A) optional (B) peripheral (C) imperative (D) superficial

45. (A) equitable (B) arbitrary (C) hostile (D) volatile

46. What is the main purpose of the passage? (A) To compare traditional vaccines with experimental treatments. (B) To explain how vaccines work and their role in public health. (C) To describe the history of vaccine development in the United States. (D) To argue against natural immunity through infection.

47. According to the passage, which vaccine type delivers genetic instructions to human cells to produce part of a pathogen? (A) Live-attenuated vaccines (B) Toxoid vaccines (C) Viral vector vaccines (D) mRNA vaccines

48. What can be inferred about people who cannot receive vaccines? (A) They are unlikely to be exposed to infectious diseases. (B) They depend partly on others being vaccinated for protection. (C) They usually develop stronger natural immunity. (D) They are excluded from public health planning.

49. In the passage, the term “herd immunity” most nearly refers to: (A) Immunity developed after recovering from a disease (B) Reduction in infections within hospitals due to precautions (C) Fewer outbreaks in the community due to high immunity (D) Legal requirements for vaccination in a community

50. In paragraph 3, the phrase “this memory” refers to: (A) Initial immune response (B) Vaccine genetic material (C) Pathogen recognition (D) Standard immunization schedule