115年 - 115 私立醫學校院聯合招考轉學生考試試題：英文科#143017

1. The government provided immediate financial aid to citizens in the economic _____ of the pandemic. (A) assessment (B) calculation (C) resurrection (D) aftermath

2. Fuel prices _____ constantly due to changing geopolitical tensions and market demands. (A) fluctuate (B) futile (C) flourish (D) formulate

3. The small startup faced a _____ competitor that controlled over eighty percent of the market. (A) favorable (B) formidable (C) frail (D) fragile

4. After reaching the base camp, the expedition prepared to _____ the mountain before sunrise despite freezing temperatures. (A) plummet (B) soar (C) detour (D) ascend

5. Although the policy was intended to reduce costs, its long-term economic effects remain _____. (A) contentious (B) negligible (C) defiant (D) promising

6. International investigators gathered evidence to prosecute those responsible for the _____ committed against civilians during the armed conflict. (A) inclination (B) expenditure (C) exertion (D) atrocity

7. To appreciate the poet’s message fully, readers must recognize every subtle _____ in the language and imagery throughout the work. (A) norm (B) proclamation (C) verdict (D) nuance

8. Clinical decisions should be based on _____ evidence rather than assumptions. (A) emotional (B) empirical (C) anecdotal (D) arbitrary

9. She was unable to provide a _____ for her behavior. (A) jurisdiction (B) jargon (C) jeopardy (D) justification

10. The team leader doesn’t tell us exactly what to do, but she provides _____ and makes her own suggestions. (A) facilitation (B) collision (C) illusion (D) manipulation 

11. Climate change is increased by the _____ effect of many human activities. (A) cumulate (B) being cumulated (C) cumulative (D) cumulatively 

12. I’m afraid you’ve missed the deadline. The paper _____ in by yesterday. (A) should have been turned (B) must have turned (C) should be turned (D) must be turned

13. In East Jerusalem, which Israel has occupied since 1967, _____ elections would require Israeli approval. (A) held (B) holding (C) hold (D) to be held

14. Gallup polling _____ in April found that in 2024-2025, 42% of men between the ages of 18 and 29 said religion was “very important” to them. (A) release (B) was released (C) released (D) to release

15. Reusing statues, tombs, and obelisks was a common practice in Ancient Egypt, especially in the Nile delta, _____ high-quality quarries were scarce. (A) from which (B) where (C) that (D) what

16. If I ______ more time yesterday, I would have attended the conference. (A) have had (B) had (C) had had (D) would have

17. The researcher emphasized clarity, precision, and _____ in academic writing. (A) to be objective (B) being objective (C) objective (D) objectivity

18. By the time the doctor arrived, the patient _____ unconscious. (A) becomes (B) had become (C) has become (D) became

19. Neither the patient nor the caregivers _____ informed of the experimental nature of the treatment. (A) was (B) were (C) is (D) be

20. Responsible for nearly half of the world’s Arabica bean supply, Brazil experienced its worst drought in 70 years during August and September last year, _____ heavy rain in October. (A) following by (B) followed by (C) as follows (D) follows 

21. (A) circumcise (B)synthesize (C) alleviate (D)falsify

22. (A) coupled with (B) complied with (C) attached to (D) contrasted to

23. (A) exploited (B) hypothesized (C)stipulated (D)forsaken

24. (A)stagnation (B) deterioration (C) commodification (D)forfeiture

25. (A)integrated (B)segregated (C) alienated (D) convened

26. (A) precipitated (B) diversified (C) mitigated (D)overlooked

27. (A) parody (B) auxiliary (C) pedagogy (D) autocracy

28. (A) obliterate (B) accommodate (C) propitiate (D) equivocate

29. (A)rubrics (B) criteria (C) corpora (D) curricula

30. (A)resembles (B) enables (C) applies to (D)refers to

31. (A)misconceptions (B) inclinations (C) muniments (D)discernments

32. (A)sinister (B) amiable (C) indiscreet (D) malignant

33. (A)traces (B) tackles (C) triggers (D) tramples

34. (A)surreal (B) nostalgic (C) quiescent (D) traumatic

35. (A) extradited (B) plagued (C) applauded (D) contented 

36. The word “mitigate” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _____. (A) aggravate (B) evaluate (C) alleviate (D) validate

37. Which of the following is true of the Mediterranean diet? (A) It relies on strict caloric restriction to achieve health benefits. (B) It permits the daily, abundant consumption of red meat and refined sugars. (C) It utilizes olive oil as a replacement for processed and saturated fats. (D) It completely eliminates poultry and fish from its nutritional framework.

38. Which of the following non-dietary factor contributes to the success of the Mediterranean diet? (A) High intake of processed macronutrient profiles (B) Cultural practices like physical activity and communal dining (C) Strict adherence to biochemical isolated supplements (D) Complete avoidance of psychological stress factors

39. The author mentions “Westernization” in paragraph 3 in order to _____. (A) explain the historical origin of traditional Mediterranean cooking methods (B) highlight the global success of public health promotional campaigns (C) describe the negative nutritional shift observed within Mediterranean populations (D) argue that convenience foods are superior to plant-based diets

40. Which of the following statements best expresses the essential information in the last sentence in paragraph 3? (A) Isolated dietary restrictions are the most effective way to prevent diseases and ensure a long life. (B) Nutritionists agree that the Mediterranean diet is too complicated to remain sustainable over long periods. (C) Achieving long-term longevity is impossible without abandoning all forms of behavioral modifications. (D) The Mediterranean diet proves that a balanced, sustainable lifestyle is good for longevity and health. 

41. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? (A) Smaller grocery stores have completely replaced major supermarket chains by offering consumers environmentally friendly alternatives. (B) The environmental problems caused by supermarkets can only be solved if governments introduce stricter regulations on food waste and plastic packaging. (C) Although major supermarkets have begun responding to criticisms of food and plastic waste, more comprehensive efforts are still needed, and smaller retailers provide useful models for sustainable practices. (D) Most supermarkets have already achieved their environmental goals by eliminating plastic packaging and greatly reducing food waste.

42. According to the passage, what is one reason critics believe supermarkets are still not doing enough to reduce food waste? (A) They require customers to purchase reusable containers before entering their stores. (B) They have refused to sign agreements to reduce plastic packaging by 2025. (C) They continue to transport fresh produce using gasoline-powered vehicles instead of electric ones. (D) They do not disclose accurate figures on food waste, making it difficult to develop effective solutions.

43. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? (A) One major supermarket has announced plans to remove plastic packaging from its ownbrand products by 2023. (B) Critics believe that donating surplus food alone is sufficient to solve the problem of food waste. (C) There is still a need to reduce food and plastic waste. (D) The author suggests that major supermarkets could learn from the practices adopted by smaller grocers.

44. What can be inferred from the passage? (A) Small environmentally friendly grocers will eventually replace major supermarket chains throughout the UK. (B) Consumer pressure is likely to remain an important force in encouraging supermarkets to adopt more sustainable business practices. (C) Once supermarkets fulfill their plastic reduction pledges, concerns about food waste will largely disappear. (D) The primary obstacle to environmental sustainability is consumers' unwillingness to change their shopping habits.

45. Which of the following sentences would serve as the best concluding sentence for the passage? (A) Therefore, consumers should avoid shopping at large supermarkets and purchase food exclusively from local retailers. (B) As a result, governments should immediately impose stricter regulations on all supermarket chains to eliminate food and plastic waste. (C) Although meaningful progress has been made, lasting environmental improvement will require greater transparency and broader adoption of sustainable practices. (D) Consequently, environmental problems caused by supermarkets are expected to disappear once current recycling targets are achieved. 

46. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? (A) Ancient civilizations understood the true purpose of dreaming far better than modern neuroscientists do. (B) Dreaming is a complex cognitive process that serves essential functions in memory, emotion, and survival. (C) The reduction of activity in the prefrontal cortex is the sole reason why humans experience dreams. (D) Threat simulation is the most widely accepted scientific explanation for why humans enter REM sleep.

47. Which of the following can be inferred from the article about individuals who do not get enough REM sleep? (A) They will completely lose the ability to dream during non-REM sleep phase. (B) They will experience an unnatural increase in prefrontal cortex activity. (C) They may struggle to perform efficiently on newly learned, complex tasks. (D) They are more likely to remember trivial daily events than emotionally charged ones.

48. According to the article, what explains the illogical and bizarre nature of dreams? (A) The complete inactivity of the amygdala during deep sleep (B) A lack of metabolic activity throughout the entire human brain (C) The hyper-activation of the prefrontal cortex during REM sleep (D) Decreased activity in the brain region

49. According to the Threat Simulation Theory, how did dreaming provide an evolutionary advantage to early humans? (A) It allowed them to communicate secretly across long distances while asleep. (B) It kept them alert to physical predators entering their sleeping areas. (C) It provided a safe environment to practice identifying and avoiding dangers. (D) It reduced their need for deep sleep, allowing more time for hunting.

50. The phrase “nocturnal therapy” in paragraph 4 refers to the idea that dreaming _____. (A) cures physical illnesses while a person is sleeping (B) helps the brain process psychological trauma (C) prevents individuals from experiencing stressful events during the daytime (D) suppresses all emotional responses so that memories are completely erased