15.
(A) sensation
(B) transcript
(C) provocation
(D) diction

16. The author focuses primarily on _______ (A) giving a brief overview of some recent scientific developments in solar physics and explaining their possible implications for future research. (B) outlining the specific reasons why a long standing problem in solar physics is thought to be soluble at last. (C) presenting two competing scientific theories for the cause of post-industrial climate change and evaluating the body of evidence behind each one. (D) pointing out the success of a certain line of scientific inquiry into the terrestrial effects of solar activity while qualifying its successes with regard to climate change.

17. Which of the following statements concerning the comparison between pre-industrial and post-industrial climate change, as described in the passage, is accurate? (A) The post-industrial period experienced a much greater degree of climate change owing to greenhouse gases. (B) The pre-industrial period experienced a much greater degree of climate change, owing to solar activity. (C) Both periods have experienced a degree of change, but their primary causes are different. (D) Scientists have yet to prove that climate change is linked to either sunspots or greenhouse gases.

18. According to the passage, why is extending solar record important? (A) It would help establish whether the data supporting the existence of the Maunder Minimum is reliable. (B) It would allow scientists to establish whether the warming trends owe to industrialization or to natural factors existing prior to industrialization. (C) It could possibly corroborate the information on sunspots provided by satellites. (D) It would determine the extent to which sunspots plays a role in increasing the sun’s irradiance.

19. According to the passage, what are the characteristics of sunspot cycles? (A) During the minima phase of the cycle, there is lower overall irradiance but greater local irradiance, and fewer sunspots. (B) During the maxima phase of the cycle, there is lower overall irradiance but greater local irradiance, and fewer sunspots. (C) During the minima phase of the cycles, there is greater overall irradiance but lower local irradiance, and fewer sunspots. (D) During the maxima phase of the cycle, there is lower local irradiance but greater overall irradiance, and more sunspots.

20. According to the passage, what assumption is the hypothesis linking carbon dioxide to non-sunspot-related climate change based on? (A) Carbon-dioxide levels in the Earth’s atmosphere rise and fall according to the same eleven-year cycles as sunspots. (B) There are no phenomena other than carbon-dioxide and solar cycles that could affect climate change in a significant manner. (C) The increase of solar minima over the past two decades has probably exacerbated the warming effects of greenhouse gases. (D) The effect of sunspots on the climate has actually diminished with the development of greenhouse gases.

1. __________ homing is the homing process by which some adult aquatic animals, such as sea turtles and Pacific salmon, return to their birthplace to reproduce. (A)Naval (B) Navel (C) Nasal (D) Natal

2. It is said that the President privately __________ with some key business tycoons before the launch of the new project. Laborers are now worried that their demands may be compromised. (A) conferred (B) demolished (C) expedited (D) gleaned

3. A large number of movie critics have praised the new movie for its __________ retelling of a classic story. (A) corpulent (B) preliminary (C) dexterous (D) servile

4. Daniel has been labeled as a __________ since he tends to be intolerant towards those holding different opinions. (A)scion (B) prodigy (C) bigot (D) truant

5. As a(n) __________ curious learner, Leo never stops searching for answers to any question confronting him. (A) complacently (B) insatiably (C) succinctly (D) indigenously

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