21. Based on the article, what can be inferred about the level of cognitive ability possessed by the Neanderthals at Neumark-Nord?
(A) They had limited cognitive abilities and relied on instinct rather than planning.
(B) They could perform only simple, repetitive food-gathering tasks.
(C) They demonstrated strategic thinking, environmental awareness, and forward planning.
(D) They were intellectually inferior to modern humans in all measurable ways.

22. If researchers discovered a similar ancient site with thousands of broken animal bones near a water source, what would this passage suggest about the likely inhabitants of that site? (A) They might have been a nomadic people with no food processing knowledge. (B) They might rely entirely on plant-based diets and might avoid hunting large animals. (C) They were modern humans who might have migrated from South America. (D) They may have had organized hunting and advanced resource extraction strategies.

23. A teacher requires students to repeat sentence patterns in unison and provides immediate corrective feedback to prevent errors from becoming habitual. This approach is most consistent with (A) Direct Method (B) Natural Approach (C) Audiolingual Method (D) Communicative Language Teaching

24. In a language classroom, a teacher asks students to describe a familiar route from school to their home in written form and then share their descriptions orally with a partner. This activity is most likely to develop (A) their Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS). (B) their Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) (C) their sense of direction, which students often confuse. (D) the integration of language with science.

25. A teacher is designing a lesson following Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). Which activity best reflects this principle? (A) Asking students to complete tasks entirely independently without support (B) Giving students tasks far beyond their current ability to challenge them (C) Providing guided support (scaffolding) and gradually removing it as students improve (D) Allowing students to choose only tasks they already know how to do

26. In bilingual education, what is a key theoretical difference between translanguaging and traditional code-switching? (A) Code-switching views bilingual speakers as drawing on a single integrated linguistic repertoire, whereas translanguaging assumes two completely separate language systems. (B) Code-switching often treats languages as separate and bounded systems, whereas translanguaging views bilingual speakers' linguistic resources as an integrated repertoire. (C) Translanguaging strictly prohibits students from using their first language in class, whereas code-switching encourages full immersion in the target language. (D) Translanguaging refers only to translating words between two languages, whereas code-switching refers to using multiple modes such as images, gestures, and speech.

27. Before a science group activity, the teacher explicitly teaches students English expressions such as "Take turns," "Work with your partner," and "Ask your group members for ideas" so that they can participate in the group task. According to Do Coyle's Language Triptych in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), which type of language do these expressions best represent? (A) Language of learning (B) Language about learning (C) Language through learning (D) Language for learning

28. A curriculum that is integrated with or interconnected to other subjects/domains of knowledge provides learners with enriched and broadened contexts in which they may not only practice the language effectively but also gain the to learn. (A) impetus (B) reluctance (C) permission (D) prohibition

29. Phonological awareness refers to a student's ability to (A) connect letters to sounds (B) identify and manipulate speech sounds (C) recognize printed words automatically (D) understand word meanings

30. Which of the following classroom activities does NOT focus on maximizing simultaneous interaction in cooperative learning? (A) Think-Pair-Share (B) Jigsaw reading with peer teaching (C) Roundtable brainstorming and discussion tasks (D) Wordwall interactive game group competition

1. 下列何者並非通用設計學習（UDL）的三大核心原則之一？ (A) 多元呈現方式（Multiple Means of Representation），如：教材包含繪本、影片與實物素材 (B) 多元行動與表達方式（Multiple Means of Action and Expression），如：觀察記錄方式包括畫圖、錄音、拍照 (C) 多元參與方式（Multiple Means of Engagement），如：教學型態包括個別活動、小組活動、團體活動 (D) 多元創作方式（Multiple Means of Creation），如：作品包括個別作品、團體作品，平面作品、立體作品

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