23. Given the saturated fatty acid, . How many β-oxidation cycles would it be required to completely metabolize the given fatty acid?
(A) 3.
(B) 4.
(C) 5.
(D) 6.
(E) 7.

24. The function of a molecular chaperone is to: (A) act as an energy source during the polymerization of amino acids into a polypeptide. (B) act as a carrier molecule and bring "activated" monomers to a polymer for incorporation. (C) bind to specific structures on the polypeptide in order to assist the folding of a protein into its correct three dimensional shape. (D) unfold proteins with the incorrect three-dimensional shape and refold them into the proper shape. (E) transport rRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

25. In the transcription of DNA to RNA the nitrogenous base cytosine will pair with: (A)(B)(C) (D)(E)

26. There are five small proteins A, B, C, D, E. Their sequences are listed below. value of protein A is: (A) 2~3. (B) 4~6. (C) 7~8. (D) 9~10. (E) ＞10.

27. (延續上題) According to the scores in BLOSUM62 (see the figure below), which protein is more close to Protein A in evolution? (A) Protein B. (B) Protein C. (C) Protein D. (D) Protein E. (E) It cannot be judged by sequence homology. (BLOSUM62 matrix provided)

複選題28. Five students are discussing a peptide consisting of nine amino acid residues. Student A: When this peptide is digested by chymotrypsin, you can get a tripeptide and a hexapeptide. Student B: This peptide cannot be cut by cyanogen bromide. Student C: This peptide does not contain any amino acids with two chiral centers Student D: When this peptide is digested by trypsin, you can get a tripeptide and a hexapeptide. Student E: When I dissolved the peptide in 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7), this peptide is positively charged. What might be the peptide sequence?(A) MSEFAHKVW.(B) SERLLWATK.(C) QGEKCYIPC.(D) FHRGPWSSM.(E) CSKQAYNDR.

29. Which statement is correct about the Michaelis-Menten constant, Km, for the kinetic mechanism below? (A) Its numeric value has the units of . (B) Its defined as . (C) It is approximately equal to the dissociation constant for the enzyme-substrate complex to E + P. (D) The value of Km is constant for an enzyme regardless of the specific substrate molecule used to determine it. (E) It is numerically equal to the substrate concentration required to achieve one half the maximum velocity.

30. The following data were obtained in a study of an enzyme known to follow Michaelis-Menten kinetics.  The Km for this enzyme is approximately: (A) 1 mM. (B) 1,000 mM. (C) 2 mM. (D) 4 mM. (E) 6 mM.

31. Which of the following statements regarding electron transfer is true? 1. A positive reduction potential means substance has higher affinity for electron. 2. ATP synthase would be unable to produce ATP if a toxin inhibits the establishment of the proton gradient in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. 3. Cells treated with the drug 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) which destroys the H+ gradient that forms in the electron transport chain will be forced to perform fermentation. 4. Cyanide is very toxic in high enough doses because it binds irreversibly to cytochrome C, resulting in the increase of several enzymes' activities of the citric acid cycle.(A) 1, 2, and 4 are correct.(B) 1, 3, and 4 are correct.(C) 1, 2, and 3 are correct.(D) 2, 3, and 4 are correct.(E) All are correct.

32. Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. What coenzyme is found in pyruvate carboxylase that aids in many carboxylation reactions? (A) Thiamine pyrophosphate. (B) Biotin. (C) Folic acid. (D) Lipoic acid. (E) None of the above.

33. Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. In this pyruvate carboxylase catalyzed reaction, bicarbonate is "activated" by attachment to the ______ of ATP to form ______. (A) β-phosphate； carbonyl ADP. (B) α-phosphate； carbonyl AMP. (C) α-phosphate； carbonylphosphate. (D) γ-phosphate； carbonylphosphate. (E) γ-phosphate； carbonyl AMP.

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