25.Which statement is correct to describe contrastive analysis?
(A) Errors are assumed to be the result of transfer from learners’ first language.
(B) Detailed descriptions of the errors second language learners made help discover what learners really know about the language.
(C) It is based on the hypothesis that second language learner language is random and unpredictable.
(D) It seeks to discover and describe different kinds of errors in an effort to understand how learners process second language data.

26.Collocations could be of various types. Which of the following examples is a collocation of verb + object? (A) dispute findings (B) engage in (C) irregular situation (D) unaccompanied minor

27.Which of the following statements is correct about English vowels? (A) Vowel sounds can be distinguished between front vowels, central vowels, and back vowels in terms of how high the tongue is raised. (B) In English, tense vowels are short in length; lax vowels are long in length. (C) In English, back vowels are unrounded and front vowels are rounded in terms of rounding. (D) In terms of voicing, all English vowels are voiced except when whispering.

28.Which of the following is NOT considered a minimal pair? (A) cave / gave (B) lock / log (C) bough / cough (D) bat / pat

29.Look at the sentence: "A student in my class works at the coffee shop." Which of the following pairs represents sister nodes in a standard syntax tree? (A) “in my class” and “at the coffee shop” (B) “A student” and “works” (C) “student” and “in my class” (D) “works” and “at the coffee shop”

30.A learner receives abundant comprehensible input and participates actively in communicative tasks. However, their grammatical accuracy shows little improvement over time. According to SLA research, which of the following best explains this phenomenon? (A) The learner lacks sufficient motivation. (B) Input alone is insufficient without attention to form. (C) The learner is too old to acquire grammar. (D) Communicative tasks prevent language acquisition.

31.During a lesson, a teacher uses quizzes, classroom questions, and immediate feedback to monitor student learning and adjust instruction. This type of assessment is best described as _____. (A) formative assessment (B) proficiency testing (C) summative assessment (D) placement testing

32.Ms. Miller gives her students a riddle and asks them to solve it in pairs. Which intelligence is emphasized in this task? (A) Naturalist. (B) Kinesthetic. (C) Interpersonal. (D) Intrapersonal.

33.When a student says, “She go to school every day,” the teacher responds, “Yes, she goes to school every day,” without directly pointing out the error. This type of feedback is known as _____. (A) explicit correction (B) recast (C) ignoring errors (D) translation

34.Before reading a text, the teacher activates students’ background knowledge by asking them to predict the content based on the title and images. This teaching strategy mainly reflects _____. (A) top-down processing (B) bottom-up processing (C) phonemic awareness (D) grammar translation

35.In Total Physical Response, why does James Asher wait to introduce conversational dialogues until students have completed 120 hours of imperative drills? (A) Everyday conversations are abstract and difficult, so learners must first build comprehension through listening and physical response. (B) Reading and writing should be emphasized before oral communication. (C) Speaking practice is more important than listening in the early stages of learning. (D) Grammar rules must be mastered before learners are exposed to spoken language.

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