36. Which of the following compound is NOT involved in urea cycle?
(A) Glutamate
(B) Ornithine
(C) Fumarate
(D) Aspartate

37. Which of the following coenzyme is required for aminotransferase? (A) Folic acid (B) Biotin (C) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (D) Pyridoxal phosphate

38. Which of the following coenzyme is required for DNA synthesis? (A) Folic acid (B) Biotin (C) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (D) Pyridoxal phosphate

39. Which description of ubiquitin is NOT correct? (A) Ubiquitin is highly conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. (B) Ubiquitin attached to the ε-amino groups of several lysine residues on a protein destined to be degraded. (C) The energy for the isopeptide bonds of ubiquitination comes from ATP hydrolysis. (D) Three enzymes (E1, E2 and E3) participate in the attachment of ubiquitin to a protein.

40. Which description of CRISPR/Cas9 is correct? (A) CRISPR/Cas9 is a novel protein metabolic pathway. (B) CRISPR/Cas9 is a novel coenzyme. (C) CRISPR/Cas9 is a novel protein purification technology. (D) CRISPR/Cas9 is a novel technology that can be used to edit genes within organisms. 

41. Mitochondria are the primary sources of energy for cells, organs, and the living animal. Which enzyme is NOT contained in this organelle? (A) Succinate dehydrogenase (B) Fumarase (C) Cytochrome oxidase (D) Rubisco

42. Which of the following ion plays a key role in extracting electrons from H2O to form O2 in photosystem II of photosynthesis? (A) Calcium (B) Natrium (C) Manganese (D) Iron

複選題43. Metabolism produces both inorganic and organic acids. Which metabolism produce(s) are nonvolatile and excreting via the kidney? (A) Lactic acid (B) Acetoacetic acid (C) β-hydroxybutyrate (D) All of the above

44. Which of the following aqueous solutions has the lowest pH? The solutions have H+ concentration respectively of (A) mol/L (B) mol/L (C) mol/L (D) mol/L

45. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) has a pKa of 4.76. What is the molar ratio of potassium acetate (CH3COOK) to acetic acid at pH 4.76? (A) 1:1 (B) 2:1 (C) 10:1 (D) 1:10

46. Which amino acids are relatively nonpolar (hydrophobic)? (A) Phe, Tyr, Trp (B) Ser, Asn, Gln (C) Lys, Arg (D) Asp, Glu

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