4.
(A) verify
(B) expand
(C) revise
(D) classify

5. (A) capture (B) limit (C) enlarge (D) resist

1.(A) exploiting (B) harnessing (C) manipulating (D) deploying

2. (A) alleviate (B) evoke (C) justify (D) restrain

3. (A) disperse (B) diversify (C) undermine (D) consolidate

4. (A) scrutinize (B) supervise (C) overlook (D) dictate

5. (A) redundant (B) intrusive (C) viable (D) negligible

1 “As a result, climate change is likely to deepen existing global inequalities.” Millions of people in East Africa are suffering from severe drought, while violent storms continue to damage parts of Southeast Asia. Coffee farmers in Central America are also facing declining yields due to rising temperatures. (A) Poorer nations are generally less able to cope with such environmental changes and are often located in regions where climate conditions are more extreme. (B) As global temperatures rise, these countries are expected to bear the greatest burden. (C) Experts estimate that by 2030, billions of dollars will be required annually for adaptation efforts. (D) In addition, higher borrowing costs make it even more difficult for these nations to respond effectively. (E) This may lead to a worsening cycle of vulnerability and financial strain

2. "Meanwhile, it has also diverted attention from other ongoing global threats." The COVID-19 pandemic has shown how a global risk can quickly become a widespread crisis, affecting both public health and economic stability. (A) In the short term, it has intensified problems such as job losses and declining social trust. (B) At the same time, long-term challenges like climate change and technological inequality remain unresolved. (C) Although vaccines were developed rapidly, the crisis revealed the limits of reactive responses. (D) Greater preparation and international cooperation might have reduced the damage. (E) This experience highlights both the risks the world faces and the opportunity to build a more resilient future.

3. "In this way, the event serves as a platform for promoting global health awareness." World Health Day is observed annually to raise awareness of global health issues. It also marks the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO). (A) Many organizations participate in activities to promote public health. (B) These events are often organized around specific themes each year. (C) Health is considered essential because it affects both individual well-being and national development. (D) Without good health, people may struggle to contribute productively to society. (E) Therefore, raising awareness of health issues remains a global priority.

4. "This background played a crucial role in shaping her character and approach to leadership." Angela Merkel has been recognized as one of the most powerful women in the world and served as Germany's first female chancellor. (A) She grew up in East Germany, where strict political conditions taught her to be cautious and observant. (B) These early experiences shaped her leadership style, as she tends to analyze situations carefully before making decisions. (C) After becoming chancellor in 2005, she introduced policies that strengthened Germany's economy and improved social welfare. (D) During the global financial crisis, her actions helped Germany maintain economic stability. (E) Her leadership has had a lasting impact on both Germany and the international community.

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