40. What stageis the three germ layers formation in the embryo?
(A) Blastula formation
(B) Gastrulation
(C) Organ formation
(D) Pattern formation
(E) Neurulation

41. What kind of molecule should all antigen-presenting cells express to hold the antigen? (A) T cell receptor (B) Antibody (C) Class I MIHC proteins (D) Class II MIIC proteins (E) CD4

42. What kind of immunoglobulin involves in allergy? (A) Ig A (B) Ig G (C) Ig M (D) Ig D (E) Ig E

43. Which of the following structureis not a mechanoreceptor? (A) Meissner' s corpuscles (B) Ruffini corpuscles (C) Ilair cells (D) Stretch receptor (E) Nociceptor

44. In nerve cells, an action potential is actively propagated along axon (A) to the cell body. (B) to the axon terminal. (C) to the cell body or the axon terminal dependent on animal needs. (D) to the dendrites. E away from synapse

45. Which of the statements of population conservation is true? (A) Larger population is more eagerly conserved than smaller population. (B) It is not necessary to conserve population with low genetic diversity. (C) Extinction vortex is a downward population spiral. Unless reversed the process, populations will be extinct. (D) Effective size of population is always larger than that of total population.

46. What is the sustainable biosphere initiative? (A) A plan to convert all natural ecosystems in the biosphere to carefully engineered ones. (B) A program that uses adaptive management to experiment and learn while working with disturbed ecosystem. (C) A conservation practice that sets up zoned reserves surrounded the buffer zones. (D) A research agenda to study biodiversity and support sustainable development. (E) The declining population approach to conservation that seeks to identify and remedy causes of species' declines.

47. According to climograph for biomes in North America, annual mean temperature and precipitation of Area A are 10 degree C and 2500mm. The type of biome for this area is (A) Coniferous forest (B) Desert (C) Tropical forest (D) Temperate grassland (E) Temperate broadleaf forest 

48. If all species existed now, which one of the following species have nucleotide polymorphism? (A) H. erectus (B) A.anamensis (C) P. boisei (D) H. sapiens (E) H. floresiensis

49. If there was no geographic isolation and H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens could have offsprings but hybrids did not survive, which of the following statements is true? (A) The mechanism of speciation is allopatric speciation. (B) Such speciation may be due to polyploidy. (C) This speciation process is a type of anagenesis. (D) Speciation occurs at steps of prezygotic isolation. (E) There is mechanic isolation between these species.

50. According to the following tables, which of countries needs resources from other countries most? (A) India (B) China (C) USA (D) Japan (E) Sweden

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