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61. While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes: • Housing policy is a significant issue that local governments deal with, as making sure everyone has a decent place to live is an important general priority. • Many regions have a shortage of affordable housing—the full time (40 hours a week/52 weeks a year) "housing wage" that a person would need to earn in order for a two-bedroom rental unit to be affordable by the official government standard is far higher than average wages. • An "affordable dwelling" varies from city to city but is defined as one that a household can obtain for 30% or less of its income.  • Two basic types of policies that could make a difference in housing affordability are the government directly giving money or discounted housing to low-income families and increasing the number of dwellings in a given area by relaxing restrictions on the size of buildings that can be built, or by relaxing restrictions that mandate minimum sizes of individual dwelling units. Most cities tend to have several zoning rules that artificially restrict the supply of housing. The student wants to emphasize the potential role of local government in creating affordable housing. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?  (A) Everyone deserves a decent place to live and affordable housing uplifts residents, encourages social connections, reduces overcrowding, and local governments are the ones who should take the lead to provide it.  (B) For a home to be "affordable," it should not cost more than 30% of the household income to buy or rent. (C) Local governments can pass measures to increase the opportunities for affordable housing by creating policies that work for their constituents. (D) The definition of affordable housing is not the same from state to state because the cost of living varies from state to state, so local governments must work to find out the numbers for their own town's residents.

62. In the realm of microbiology, bacteriophages, or phages, play a pivotal role in a specialized biomedical application known as phage therapy. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and replicate within bacteria, and their unique ability to target specific bacterial strains makes them valuable tools for combating bacterial infections. Phage therapy involves utilizing these viruses to treat bacterial infections in a highly targeted manner, offering an alternative to traditional antibiotics. This specialized biomedical intervention has gained renewed interest as researchers explore personalized medicine, tailoring bacteriophages to individual patients based on the specific bacterial strains causing infections. The potential of phage therapy lies in its specificity and ability to evolve alongside bacteria, presenting a promising avenue in the ongoing battle against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Which of the following statements best explains why doctors are increasingly interested in phage therapy? (A) Phage therapy is a valuable tool for combatting bacterial infections. (B) It is based in microbiology and makes use of bacteriophages. (C) It is the only way to combat illnesses caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. (D) Phage therapy can be personalized to address the needs of individual patients, making it a potential solution for unique or difficult-to-fight infections.

複選題39. 一位清代學者指出：「地氣之盛衰，久則必變。唐開元、天寶間，地氣自西北轉東北之變局也。」我們應如何理解這個說法？(A)以「地氣」流動的觀念來解釋歷史，有違科學精神，此說不足採信(B)「地氣」是當時人對政治形勢變動的一種看法，此說內容值得參考(C)「地氣」是指農業生產的能力，「西北轉東北」是指其變動的方向(D)「開元、天寶間」的變局，安史集團攻擊長安可視為一項重要指標(E)唐以後首都從長安東移開封，再北移北京，可以說明地氣流動之說

複選題40. 一位法國作家回憶其青年時期，其中一節主題是「1942年在巴黎唸大學」。下列哪些情節最可能出現在這一節敘述裡？(A)德國首相正在巴黎從事友好訪問，兩國政府希望加強學生的交流(B)作家花錢買了一架新的收音機，收聽來自德國的廣播，學習德文(C)一家報紙揭露日前德國首相與史達林簽訂之和平協定的詳細內容(D)作家參加了當時在巴黎凱旋門前舉行的學生大規模反戰示威遊行(E)作家計畫在年初前往非洲，參觀埃及與埃及古文化的金字塔遺址

複選題41. 資料一：《尚書》〈酒誥〉是周初的告誡文書，指出：殷紂王好酒，因此上帝不再庇佑殷人，以致亡國。資料二：考古學者指出陪葬品距屍體越近，越具重要性。殷商各個時期墓葬的陪葬品，青銅食器多置於棺、槨之間，而青銅酒器多置於棺內。請根據上述資料，指出下列何者是較合理的解釋？(A)〈酒誥〉之說是周人藉以自省，並不足以證明殷人好酒而亡國(B)〈酒誥〉反映春秋時代的天道觀，顯然是後人偽造，故不可信(C)考古證據顯示殷人確實好飲酒，證明〈酒誥〉的說法是正確的(D)考古證據顯示殷人好飲酒，但無法證明殷人是否因好酒而亡國(E)考古證據顯示殷人不好酒，〈酒誥〉只是周人宣示伐殷的合理性

複選題42. 資料一：歷史學者估計，明初(1400年)中國約有6500萬人，到明末(1600年)人口增加為1億5千萬人。康熙年間(1700年)，人口為1億5千萬人。資料二：1550年時，中國大量栽種玉米、甘藷、馬鈴薯、花生等多種新作物。針對兩段資料，許多同學有不同的意見，請問何人的說法較正確？(A)玉米等新作物的產量大，取代原有糧食作物的種植空間，才能養活較多人口(B)玉米等新作物未取代原有作物，但可生長在較貧瘠的土地，增加糧食的供應(C)從明初至明末未發生大規模社會動亂，人口的劇增可能與糧食供應增加有關(D)明末至清初糧食生產條件改變不大，人口亦未見增加，應與其間的動亂有關(E)因清初人口大量移往台灣及東南亞，所以人口雖有成長，人口總數卻未增加

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