6. Which of the following organisms has a gastrovascular cavity?
(A) hydra
(B)earthworm
(C) clam
(D) bird

7. A characteristic of the circulatory system of arthropods is (A) lack of a heart. (B) lack of blood. (C) lack of blood vessels. (D) lack of distinction between blood and interstitial fluid.

8. Although birds and mammals descended from different ancestors, they both have a four-chambered heart. This is the result of (A) the simplification of the cardiovascular system. (B) the necessity for rapid movement of blood. (C) convergent evolution. (D) genetic aberrations that resulted from mistakes in somatic cell division.

9. To conserve precious salts, freshwater fish (A) drink large amounts of water and produce small amounts of urine. (B) drink almost no water and produce large amounts of dilute urine. (C) excrete salt ions and small amounts of urine. (D) consume salt ions in food and eliminate water by osmosis.

10. Which statement about hydrostatic skeletons is TRUE? (A) Hydrostatic skeletons are nonflexible. (B) Hydrostatic skeletons provide little support for muscle action. (C) Hydrostatic skeletons produce rigid animals that maintain one shape. (D) Hydrostatic skeletons can protect internal organs.

複選題11. Which statement below about animals is TRUE? (A) Dinosaurs are extinct. (B) Lungfish are more closely related to human than to salmon. (C) Vertebrate is a phylum. (D) Protozoa are primitive animals.

12. You are cleaning out an old lab freezer and find a tube that contains the ground-up remains of an unknown animal. Your research advisor suggests that you perform chemical assays to determine what molecules made up the animal. After analyzing the data, you determine that the animal contained a large amount of chitin. What type of animal was in the tube? (A) mollusc (B) reptile (C) arthropod (D) annelid

13. DNA viruses differs from RNA viruses in that______. (A) only DNA viruses have the genetic materials enveloped by the capsid. (B) DNA viruses do not bypass transcription during protein synthesis. (C) DNA viruses are stable due to the higher mutation rate as compared to RNA viruses. (D) only DNA viruses show the error-prone replication. (E) DNA viruses contain a smaller genome as compared to RNA viruses.

14. The three domains of organisms are the (A) Archaea, Bacteria, and Protista (B) Bacteria, Eukarya, and Protista (C) Bacteria, Eukarya, and Fungi (D) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya (E) Archaea, Eukarya, and Fungi

15. The nucleus of plant cells most likely evolved from (A) a chloroplast. (B) a mitochondrion. (C) a lysosome. (D) portions of the plasma membrane. (E) portions of the vacuole.

16. Prokaryotic flagella differ from eukaryotic flagella in that prokaryotic flagella (A) are surrounded by a piasma membrane. (B) consist of microtubules. (C) consist of subunits of flagellin. (D) are long, slender appendages. (E) are involved in motility.

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