二、簡答題 

 1. Explain the process of naive T cell activation. What is the significance of co-stimulation in this process?

2. CD4+ T cells differentiate into various effector subsets with specialized functions. Describe the main types of CD4+ effector T cells and their roles in the immune response?

3. CAR T cell therapy is a revolutionary approach to cancer treatment. Explain how this immunotherapy works, including the modification of T cells and their mechanism of action against tumor cells.

4. The T cell receptor (TCR) complex is crucial for antigen recognition. Describe the key components of this complex and their respective functions.

5. What is immunological tolerance?

6. The smallpox virus circulated and plagued the human population for many centuries until 1979, thanks to the advent of effective vaccines developed by Dr. Edward Jenner using the skin material of a milkmaid infected by the cowpox virus. Please describe the principle of vaccination against viral infection. Please describe the potential mechanisms of how the cowpox virus vaccine protects humans from smallpox virus infection. (4 points) If you were to develop a new version of the smallpox virus vaccine using current technology, which approach would you take and why?

7. Both innate and adaptive immunity are critical for combating the infections of pathogens. Please compare and contrast innate and adaptive immunity concerning specificity, diversity and components.Dr. Lee recently identified a new type of immune cells. Please help him design two experiments to determine if this cell either belongs to the innate or adaptive immune system.

二、翻譯題 Panic disorder, a complex anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent panic attacks, represents a poorly understood psychiatric condition which is associated with significant morbidity and an increased risk of suicide attempts and completed suicide. Recently however, neuroimaging and panic provocation challenge studies have provided insights into the pathoetiology of panic phenomena and have begun to elucidate potential neural mechanisms that may underlie panic attacks.

四、 小文為本校高三社會組學生，主動到輔導處求助，表示今年度參加個人申請共 有三間大學校系通過第一階段篩選，對於這三間大學校系雖可接受，但內心並不 滿意，覺得自己當時學測有點失常，依自己平時的在校成績及模擬考成績，應該 可以有更好的表現。小文在高一、高二時雖有製作並上傳課程學習成果及多元表 現，但小文覺得自己當時上傳的檔案及作品並不成熟，且三間校系皆要參採之社 會科探究與實作及自主學習成果亦無亮點。小文認為自己在學習歷程上唯一的優 勢是修課紀錄的在校成績表現不錯。在第二階段指定項目準備上，對於要撰寫三 間校系的多元表現綜整心得及學習歷程自述感到困難，不知該從何著手，因此十 分猶豫是否要參加這三間校系的第二階段指定項目甄試。小文雖然想放棄個人申 請，參加 7 月份的考試分發，但小文的國文及英文學測成績皆不理想，且小文期 望的大學校系在考試分發上皆要採計這兩科，家人也擔心小文壓力太大，難以撐 到 7 月份的分科測驗。身為小文的輔導老師，請說明您如何協助小文進行生涯評 估。

(一)請說明「郵政核心資通系統」之定義為何？

(二)對於郵政核心資通系統，以侵害之方法，危害該系統功能正常運作者，其刑罰為處 1 年以上 7 年以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣 1 千萬元以下罰金；請以法定三種危害行為態樣，說明觸犯該罪 之侵害方法。

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