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45. According to the passage, which of the following represents a factual barrier to the mass production of cultured meat? (A) It is not biologically identical to real meat. (B) Consumers are universally eager to try it, but supply is low. (C) It produces more greenhouse gases than traditional factory farming. (D) The current growth mediums are expensive and carry ethical concerns.

44. What does the word "circumvents" most closely mean in the context of the passage? (A) Highlights (B) Avoids (C) Embraces (D) Aggravates

43. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of nostalgia? (A) It improves long-term memory retention in elderly patients. (B) It provides emotional resilience during difficult life transitions. (C) It encourages individuals to be more empathetic toward others. (D) It helps individuals maintain a continuous sense of identity. Passage 4 (Questions 44-45) Cultured meat, grown entirely in vitro from animal cells, is poised to disrupt global agriculture. Unlike plant-based substitutes, lab-grown meat is biologically identical to conventional meat but circumvents the ethical horrors of factory farming and drastically reduces greenhouse gas emissions. However, the industry faces severe scalability bottlenecks. The growth medium required to culture the cells—often fetal bovine serum—is prohibitively expensive and ethically problematic, though synthetic alternatives are in development. Furthermore, the bioreactors necessary for mass production require immense energy inputs. Until the energy grid is fully decarbonized, the carbon footprint of cultured meat remains a point of contention. Consumer acceptance also remains a hurdle, with psychological aversions to "Frankenmeat" proving difficult for marketers to overcome. (Adapted from "The Truth About Lab-Grown Meat" and food sustainability reports in The Guardian and CNN)

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七、素養導向教案設計(20%)       Based on the text below, design a 50-minute lesson plan integrating Project-Based Learning (PBL) into English language teaching.       The famous night market at Keelung Temple Square is home to nearly 200 street stands. Take a walk in the market and you’ll find yourself eating all the time. Every vendor goes out of their way to make creative, delicious food. Pot-side scrapings, tempura, roasted sandwiches, pork knuckles, oyster omelets, and rice with braised pork… are all available. Seafood, chicken, fruits, iced desserts… all sorts of delicious local food can be enjoyed at once, as if traveling throughout Taiwan. Many simply want to come here again.Other than the locals, tourists gather up here. The night market is not to be missed if you want to take something Taiwanese! Fun Facts:       Uphold the "emperor eat big" spirit, Miaokou night market in recent years, after re-planning renovation,the temple after finishing the mouth snack street, the whole street becomes orderly, neat appearance, more eligible Tourism Bureau(now referred to as Tourism Administration) issued in 2010 "The most delicious night market," "Night of the friendliest" two awards.Travel Info:• Add:Ren 3rd Rd., Ren''ai Dist., Keelung City, Taiwan (R.O.C.)• Tel:886-2-24287664• Opening Hours:open space, no time limited• Parking information:Dong’an Multi-Story Car ParkXin 2nd Rd. Public Car PackHousing Underground Car Park   Traffic Info:Public transport:• From Keelung train station, go straight on Zhong 1st Rd; turn right on Ai 4th Rd, and get there, which is about 10 minutes. Visitors may also take various bus lines which run circular and get off at the 2ndHsin Stop.Driving:• Zhongzheng Viaduct along the Keelung Interchange is under a pier on the East side parking, then walk beloved four.

六、英文申論寫作(20%)       Recent educational reforms have transformed the role of English teachers. In addition to language instruction, teachers are increasingly expected to implement EMI, participate in international collaboration, integrate competency-based learning, and support students' diverse learning needs.       Which of these expectations do you consider the most important? Explain your reasoning and describe how you would put your ideas into practice in your own teaching.       Write an essay of 300–500 words.

2.在藝術才能音樂班新課綱中,術導扮演著很重要的角色,請問在指導學生準備音樂系學習歷程檔案時,老師在課程與活動設計上,會如何做系統(高一到高三)的設計與安排?且在評量規準上,如何訂定要求?(10%)

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