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25. Which of the following experimental designs would provide the most robust evidence for the hypothesis that high-intensity ultrasound from bats serves as a specific trigger to inhibit moth flight? (A) Electrophysiological recording of moth motor neurons while mechanically stimulating the wing muscles. (B) Field observation of wild moths using high-speed infrared cameras while broadcasting ultrasonic pulses at frequencies and decibels mimicking hunting bats. (C) Qualitative observation of bat-moth interactions in a cave system to determine the percentage of successful strikes. (D) Laboratory trials comparing moth flight patterns when exposed to three-dimensional physical models of predators versus non-predatory insects. (E) Statistical analysis of moth population densities in regions with varying bat activity to correlate survival with flight cessation habits.

24. In the homeostatic regulation of mammalian acid-base balance, central and peripheral monitors detect fluctuations in the partial pressure of CO₂ and the concentration of H⁺ ions. Which of the following best categorizes the specialized sensory receptors located in the carotid bodies and the medulla oblongata responsible for this task? (A) Baroreceptors (B) Nociceptors (C) Thermoreceptors (D) Chemoreceptors (E) Proprioceptors

23. Which of the following hormones exhibits both positive and negative feedback controls on hormone release from the hypothalamus? (A) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (B) Luteinizing hormone (LH) (C) Estradiol (D) Progesterone (E) Testosterone

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37 關於篩檢工具的原則與判讀,下列何者正確? (A)疾病盛行率不會影響陽性預測值,但是會影響敏感度與特異度 (B)若使用某廠牌 SARS-CoV-2 快篩試劑,在 2021 年 5 至 7 月的疫情期間與 2022 年 4 至 6 月 疫情期間,分別進行一般民眾的篩檢,這兩段時間之篩檢結果的判讀方式(陽性預測率與 陰性預測率)沒有差別 (C)如果想要提升篩檢的敏感度,可以採用系列篩檢,只有在一連串的篩檢中都呈現陽性時, 才認定為陽性 (D)如果篩檢的目的是為了排除患病的可能性,需要儘量選用敏感度高的篩檢工具

20 依我國刑法之規定,下列何種犯罪有處罰預備犯? (A)肇事逃逸罪 (B)竊盜罪 (C)強盜罪 (D)使人為奴隸罪

21 依憲法訴訟法規定,關於憲法法庭裁判之效力,下列敘述何者錯誤? (A)裁判,自宣示或公告之日起發生效力 (B)判決及實體裁定,有拘束各機關及人民之效力 (C)法規範憲法審查案件,經憲法法庭判決宣告違憲者,法規範溯及失效 (D)對於憲法法庭之裁判,不得聲明不服

22 依憲法與原住民族基本法,下列敘述何者正確? (A)人民依各縣市政府自治規則取得之土地使用權,政府得照價收租其使用權 (B)國家對於私人財富及私營事業,認為有妨害國計民生之平衡發展者,應以法律限制之 (C)政府應寬列預算並督促公用事業機構,積極改善原住民族地區之交通運輸、郵政、電信、水利、觀 光及其他公共工程,並應在各部落設置原住民族地區建設基金;其基金之運用辦法,應以法律定之 (D)政府對原住民族傳統之生物多樣性知識及智慧創作,應予保護,並促進其發展;其相關事項,另以 部落法庭決議之

17.下列關於呼吸肌肉動作之敘述,何者正確? (A)外肋間肌(external intercostal muscle)收縮,可使胸腔體積變小 (B)橫膈(diaphragm)收縮,可使胸腔體積變小 (C)胸小肌(pectoralis minor)收縮,可輔助肋骨上提(elevation) (D)內肋間肌(internal intercostal muscle)收縮,可使胸腔體積變大