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複選題1.(AB)In doing so, it foregrounds the extent to which market logics may permeate domains previously insulated from economic valuation. (AC) This tension is further intensified by the global circulation of surrogacy arrangements, which often involve stark disparities in wealth and legal protections. (AD) Consequently, regulatory frameworks that prioritize transparency and protection over outright bans are frequently proposed as a pragmatic compromise. (AE)Such accounts, however, risk underestimating the degree to which individuals can exercise reflective agency even within constrained circumstances. (BC) This observation invites closer scrutiny of the conditions under which consent is produced, rather than assuming its legitimacy at face value. (BD) At the same time, framing surrogacy solely in terms of exploitation may inadvertently silence the voices of those who participate willingly. (BE)By reframing reproduction as a form of labor, this perspective unsettles deeply held intuitions about the moral boundaries of the market. (CD)As a result, the ethical evaluation of surrogacy cannot be disentangled from broader questions about justice, inequality, and global power relations.

1 關於法規發生變動之新舊法適用,下列敘述何者錯誤? (A)各機關受理人民聲請許可案件適用法規時,除依其性質應適用行為時之法規外,如在處理程序 終結前,據以准許之法規有變更者,原則上適用新法規 (B)行為後法律有變更者,適用行政機關裁處時之法律。但裁處前之法律有利於受處罰者,適用最 有利於受處罰者之規定 (C)於撤銷訴訟程序中發生法規變動者,行政法院原則上應適用行政處分作成時之法規,判斷系爭 行政處分之合法性 (D)於課予義務訴訟程序中發生法規變動者,行政法院原則上應適用行政處分作成時之法規,判斷 系爭請求權是否合法存在

2 關於人民對行政之信賴與信賴保護原則之敘述,下列何者正確? (A)行政程序法立法目的不含增進人民對行政之信賴 (B)公務員自行迴避制度與人民對行政之信賴無關 (C)保留行政處分之廢止權者,事後廢止不生信賴保護問題 (D)處分機關所告知之救濟期間不符法定期間者,得於處分書送達後 1 年內提起救濟

3 下列何者非屬行政程序法規定應製作紀錄之事項? (A)預備聽證之程序經過 (B)公務員以電子通訊方式與當事人有程序外接觸 (C)行政機關調查事實證據之過程與結果 (D)當事人以言詞向行政機關提出申請