所屬科目：學士後西醫物理及化學
3. After the reaction Cl2 → CI-+ ClO3- (in a basic solution) is balanced with the smallest whole-number coefficients, which of the following statements is correct? (A)The coefficient of OH- is 12. (B)Water is on the reactant side with a coefficient of 3. (C)CI- and ClO3- are produced in a 1:1 mole ratio. (D)1 mole of Cl2 will produce 2 moles of CI-. (E)The sum of all coefficients is equal to 18.
5. The rate of H2 gas production from a reaction of magnesium turnings and hydrochloric acid in a beaker is plotted against time as shown in the figure below. Which of the following statements is incorrect?(A)The reaction rate is dependent on the concentration of hydrochloric acid. (B)The reaction rate is dependent on the pressure of H2. (C)The reaction rate is dependent on the surface area of magnesium turnings. (D)In the figure, the reaction rate decreases after t1, because the concentration of hydrochloric acid decreases. (E)The formation of the AB section in the figure is because the reaction is exothermic, the temperature of the solution increases, and thus the reaction rate increases.
9. Which of the following statements about the structures of metals and ionic solids is (are) correct? I. Atoms in a solid consisting of only one element would have six nearest neighbors, if the crystal structure is a simple cubic array. II. There are four tetrahedral holes in a cubic closest packed unit cell. III. If the metal with an atomic radius of r has a body-centered cubic structure, the edge length of the unit cell will be . IV. For a simple cubic array, the radius of an interior sphere (cubic hole) in terms of the radius (r) of a sphere in the array is . V. Cobalt fluoride crystallizes in a cubic closest packed array of fluoride ions with the cobalt ions filling one-half of the octahedral holes, and thus the charge of cobalt ions is t3 in this compound. (A)III (B)II and V (C)III and IV (D)I, III, and IV (E)I, IV, and V
11. White phosphorus (P4) has two different crystalline forms, α-P4(s) and β-P4(s), where the P4 molecules are packed in different ways. The α-form is always obtained when the liquid freezes. However, it spontaneously converts to the p-form when the temperature is below -76.9 °C (α-P4(s) → β-P4(s). Assume that the ▵H and ▵S for this process are temperature independent, which of the following statements are correct? I. This is an endothermic process. II. The sign of ▵S is positive for this process. II. The ▵G at -76.9℃ is zero for this process. IV. The α-form is less ordered than the β-form. (A)I and II (B)III and IV (C)II and III (D)I and IV (E)I, III, and IV
13. Natural product synthesis is one of the great intellectual tasks in organic synthesis. One small molecule containing reactive functional groups and chiral centers used in natural product synthesis is shown below. Which of the following statements about this molecule is correct?(A)It has four chiral carbons. (B)It has a carboxyl group. (C)It has three ether functional groups. (D)Two sp2-hybridized carbons are in the molecule. (E)All the oxygen atoms in the molecule are sp3 -hybridized.
14. A certain reaction has the form:
αA - Products
At 298 K, the concentration of A ([A]) versus time was measured. A plot of 1/[A] versus time (minutes) gave a straight line with a slope of 2.00 x 10-2. [A]0 represents the initial concentration at t = 0, and k is the rate constant. Which of the following statements about this reaction is (are) correct? I. The differential rate law is rate = k[A]2. lI. The integrated rate law is 1/[A] = 1/[A]0 - kt. III. The rate constant is 2.00 x 10-2 min-1. IV. If [A]0 for this reaction is 0.100 M, the first half-life is 34.7 min. V. If [A]0 for this reaction is 0.100 M, it will take 1.50 x 103 min to consume 0.0750 M of A. (A)I (B)II and III (C)II and V (D)III and IV (E)I and V
16. A colorless solution contains cationic species H+, Mg2+, and Al3+. The relationship between the added volume (V) of NaOH solution and the mass (m) of the resulting precipitate is shown in the figure below. Which one is correct? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
17. The following figures (①-④) are part of the NaCl or CsCl crystal structure. Which of these are structures of the split from the NaCl crystal? (A)①and② (B)③and④ (C)①and③ (D)②and④ (E)①and④
18. Which of the following compounds is not among the 20 common amino acids? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
19. Consider a container with a piston containing 2.0 moles of a monatomic ideal gas with initial conditions of V = 6.0 L and P = 2.0 atm at 300 K. If the external pressure suddenly increases to 4.0 atm and the gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statements about this process is true? (gas constant R = 8.314 J·K-1 mol -l；In2 =0.693) (A)This is a reversible process. (B)This process is spontaneous. (C)The change of enthalpy (△H) is positive. (D)The entropy change (△S) is -11.5 J/K. (E)The entropy change of the surrounding (△Ssurr) is -4.1 J/K.
20. As the lead chemist in the Superior Analytical Laboratory (SAL), you want to design an experiment to determine the density of an unknown liquid to three significant figures. The density is of the order of 1 g/cm3. You have about 5 mL of the liquid and only graduated cylinders and balances to use. Which of the following combinations of equipment will allow you to achieve your goal?(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
23. To a solution containing 1 mole of HNO3 and 1 mole of H2SO4 gradually add iron powder to excess. The relationship between the amount of metal cations a and b in the solution and the amount of iron powder added is shown in the following figure (given that NO is the sole product upon reduction of dilute nitric acid). Which of the following statements is incorrect?(A)a represents Fe3+ (B)n1 = 0.75 (C)at P,n(Fe2+) = 0.5625 mol (D)n3 = 1.125 (E)If copper powder is added to the solution at P, up to 14.4 g of copper powder can be dissolved.
29. At room temperature, a 0.02 mol/L MOH solution was added dropwisely to a 100 mL of 0.01 mol/L HA solution, and the curve shown in the figure below indicates the pH change of the mixed solution. Which of the following statements is correct?(A)N is the equivalence point. (B)At N, [A-] =[M+] + [MOH]. (C)At K, [M+] ＞[A-]＞ [OH-] ＞[H+]. (D)HA is a weak acid and MOH is a strong base. (E) At pH = 7, both HA and MOH are completely consumed.
30. The following data was recorded for the decomposition of ethanol on alumina (Al2O3) surface at 600 K. Which of the following statements is correct?(A)At t = 80 s, Ptotal is 370 torr. (B)The rate constant is 15 torr/s. (C)This a first order reaction. (D)At t = 200 s, Ptotal is 500 torr. (E)At t= 100 s, the partial pressure of ethanol is 50 torr.
32. For an ideal diatomic gas (let us treat them as non-rigid rotators), there are N molecules confined to a two-dimensional space of area A, as shown in the figure below. These diatomic molecules can only rotate in the plane (i.e., with angular velocity perpendicular to the plane), but are allowed to translate and vibrate in the two-dimensional plane. In thermal equilibrium at a temperature T (assuming that T is high enough so that the gas can be handled classically), which of the following statements is true?(A)The internal energy of the ideal diatomic gas is 2NkBT.(B)The internal energy of the ideal diatomic gas is 5NkBT/2.(C)The total rotational kinetic energy is greater than the total translational energy.(D)The total rotational kinetic energy is greater than the total vibrational energy.(E)The speed distribution is the same Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution for the ideal monatomic gas in three dimensions.
33. A toroidal inductor with an inductance of 20 mH has a volume of 0.02 m3 . If the average energy density of the toroidal coil is 50.0 J/m3. which of the following values is closest to the current (in amperes) through the inductor?(A)0.2 (B)1.0 (C)2.0 (D)10.0 (E)20.0
38. A particle of mass m is attached to a spring with a force constant k. The motion of the particle is described by x(t) = 10sin(πt). At what point does the potential energy of the particle equal its kinetic energy? (A)πs (B)0.5 s (C)1.0s (D)1.5 s (E)一律給分
39. Consider the following 4 objects rolling down the same slope from the same height without slipping: a solid copper ball of radius R, a hollow copper ball of radius R, a solid silver ball of radius R, and a hollow silver ball of radius R. Note that the mass density of silver is greater than that of copper. Assume that all the objects have the same initial center-of-mass velocity and travel down the slope. The moment of inertia for a solid sphere and a hollow sphere is and , respectively. Which of the following statements is true? (A)The silver solid sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (B)The silver hollow sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (C)The copper hollow sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (D) All solid spheres, when reach bottom of the slope, are the fastest and have the same speed. (E)All hollow spheres, when reach bottom of the slope, are the fastest and have the same speed.
40. Light from a helium-neon laser (λ = 632.8 nm) is incident upon a 0.20-mm-wide slit. What is the total width of the central maximum 2.00 m from the slit? (A)0.63 mm (B)3.16 mm (C)0.63 cm (D)1.27 cm (E)6.32cm
41. In a one-dimensional problem, an object of mass m = 2.0 kg is subjected to the resultant force Fx as shown below. If the object passes the origin (x = 0.0 m) at t = 0 with an initial velocity v0 = -2.0 m/s, then at which of the following times does the object have a velocity of 0.0 m/s? I.0~ 1.0 s II. 1.0 s III. 2.0 s IV. 3.0 s V. 8.0 s(A)III(D)II and IV(B)I, II, and V(C)II, III, and V(E)III and IV
42. A block of mass m = 2.0 kg is connected by two springs with force constants k1 = 800 N/m and k2=500 N/m, as shown in the figure below. The block is displaced from its equilibrium position and oscillates on the frictionless surface. Which of the following is closest to the frequency of this oscillation? (A)2 Hz (D)8 Hz (B)4 Hz (E)10 Hz (C)6 Hz
44. As shown in the figure below, a long straight wire carries a current i1 = 30 A and a rectangular loop carries current i2 = 20 A. Take a = 1.0 cm, b = 8.0 cm, and L = 30.0 cm. Which of the following values is closet to the magnitude of the net force generated by i1 in the loop? (μ0 = 4π x 10-7 T•m/A)(A)3.0x10-3 N (B)2.0x10-1N (C)8.0 N (D)0.3 N (E)0.05 N
46. Inside a planet, the mass density is usually not homogeneous across the planet. However, if a spherical planet is decomposed into concentric spherical shells, the mass density is approximately the same for each concentric shell. As a result, for a spherical planet X of radius R, the mass density can be treated as a function of its distance to the center of the planet,. Assuming the gravitational field strength at the surface of the planet is g0, which of the following statements is true?
48. A 5000-kg truck is turning on a flat road with a radius of 50 m. The road surface is wet and the coefficient of static friction μs = 0.4. Above what speed the truck will skid on the road? (g =10 m/s2). (A)40 km/h (B)50 km/h (C)60 km/h (D)70 km/h (E)80 km/h
49. A 1.0-kg ball is attached to the end of an incompressible massless rod of length 1.0 m to form a pendulum as shown in the figure below. The pendulum is released at position 1 with velocity V1 = 0 m/s. At the lowest point of its swing, while it is moving horizontally, the ball collides head-on with a 0.80-kg block initially resting on a frictionless surface at position 2. After the collision, the speed of the block is found to be 3.0 m/s. What is the speed of the ball after the collision? (A)0.0 m/s (B)2.0 m/s to the left (C)3.0 m/s to the right (D)3.0 m/s to the left (E)6.0 m/s to the right
51. A gas undergoes a reversible thermodynamic cycle composed of two adiabatic processes and two isobaric processes as shown in the figure below. Which of the following statements is true?(A)The entropy change of the gas in a cycle is zero. (B)The cyclic process is operated between two heat reservoirs of fixed temperatures. (C)The work done by the gas in a cycle depends on whether it is monatomic or diatomic gas. (D)The internal energy of the gas is a constant throughout the process. (E)The total work done by the system equals the total heat absorbed by the system.
53. A non-conducting sphere of radius 10 cm is uniformly charged with a density of 100 nC/m3 . What is the magnitude of the electric field at 4.0 cm from the center of the sphere? (ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12 C2/N·m2) (A)50 N/C (B)100 N/C (C)150 N/C (D)300 N/C (E)600 N/C
55. As shown in the figure below, an RC circuit consists of a resistor R, and two capacitors C1 and C2 with ditterent capacitance). At t =0, the charges stored on C1 and C2 are Q0 and 0, respectively. And the switch is also closed at t = 0. Which of the following statements is true(A)The charges would go back and forth between C1 and C2 repeatedly. (B)The charge would flow back and forth between C1 and C2, but the amount of charge is getting less and less. (C)When one waits long enough, both capacitors share the same amount of energy. (D)When one waits long enough, the voltage across the resistor becomes zero. (E) When one waits long enough, the charges are neutralized and both the positive and negative charges of the two capacitors are zero.
56. A small helium-neon laser emits red visible light with a power of 3.0 m W in a beam with a radius of 2.0 mm. Which of the following values is closest to the electric field amplitude of this light in V/m? (ε0=8.85 x10-12 C/N·m2) (A)0.8 (B)5.0 (C)30 (D)400 (E)1000
58. A uniform stick is 1.0-m long and weighs 1.0 kg. It is attached to a hinge at one end and to a spring with spring constant k = 3.0 N/m at the other end, and is placed horizontally as shown in the figure. The stick oscillates slightly up and down. Which of the following values is closest to its period in s?(A)4 (B)2 (C)1 (D)0.6 (E)0.2
60. A 100-W light bulb is made from a glass sphere with a radius of 3.0 cm and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It consumes 100 W of electricity and produces 95 W of heat, which is dissipated through the glass bulb. The thermal emissivity of uncoated smooth glass is about 0.9. The value of the Stefan-Boltzmann constant is σ = 5.67 10-8 W/m2.K4. The thermal conductivity of glass is 0.84 J/sㆍmㆍ℃. Which of the following values is closest to the temperature difference (K) between the inner and outer surfaces of the glass? (A)20.0 (B)10.0 (C)5.0 (D)2.0 (E)0.4
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. 
. 
(A)It has four chiral carbons. (B)It has a carboxyl group. (C)It has three ether functional groups. (D)Two sp2-hybridized carbons are in the molecule. (E)All the oxygen atoms in the molecule are sp3 -hybridized.
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(A)①and② (B)③and④ (C)①and③ (D)②and④ (E)①and④
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
(A)N is the equivalence point. (B)At N, [A-] =[M
(A)0.2 (B)1.0 (C)2.0 (D)10.0 (E)20.0
and 
, respectively. Which of the following statements is true? (A)The silver solid sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (B)The silver hollow sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (C)The copper hollow sphere, when reach bottom of the slope, is the fastest. (D) All solid spheres, when reach bottom of the slope, are the fastest and have the same speed. (E)All hollow spheres, when reach bottom of the slope, are the fastest and have the same speed.
(A)2 Hz (D)8 Hz (B)4 Hz (E)10 Hz (C)6 Hz
. Assuming the gravitational field strength at the surface of the planet is g0, which of the following statements is true?
(A)0.0 m/s (B)2.0 m/s to the left (C)3.0 m/s to the right (D)3.0 m/s to the left (E)6.0 m/s to the right
(A)The entropy change of the gas in a cycle is zero. (B)The cyclic process is operated between two heat reservoirs of fixed temperatures. (C)The work done by the gas in a cycle depends on whether it is monatomic or diatomic gas. (D)The internal energy of the gas is a constant throughout the process. (E)The total work done by the system equals the total heat absorbed by the system.
(A)4 (B)2 (C)1 (D)0.6 (E)0.2