115年 - 115 移民行政特種考試_三等_移民行政一般組（選試韓文）：外國文（韓文兼試移民專業英文）#140931

1 Many new migrants face _______ barriers when attempting to access public services. (A) linguistic (B) analytic (C) structural (D) digital

2 Refugees are considered _______ populations due to their unstable conditions. (A) secure (B) resilient (C) vulnerable (D) autonomous

3 Policies should ensure the fair _______ of migrants into society to build a cohesive community. (A) separation (B) legislation (C) integration (D) classification

4 Whatever the long-term _______ to Taiwan’s birthrate crisis, there should be a solution that doesn’t endanger the harmony that Taiwanese society enjoys.(A) dedication (B) remedy (C) stride (D) initiation

5 National Crime Agency leads a UK taskforce _______ organized crime groups that threaten Europe through the Mediterranean region and the UK.(A) targeting (B) boosting (C) fortifying (D) horrifying

6 As many destination countries adopt immigration policies that favor high-skill migrants, the _______ of high-skill migrants from low-income countries becomes an unstoppable tendency.(A) backlash (B) uprising (C) turnover (D) outflow

7 Undocumented immigrants have a right to due process as stated in law; thus, no person should be _______ of their legal rights to seek proper counsel.(A) derived (B) deprived (C) departed (D) detained

8 As the Privacy Act was written before the internet, the law today offers very limited _______ when data is reused, repurposed or shared across agencies.(A) potentiality (B) accountability (C) transitivity (D) endurability

9 The new policy reduces fines by half for foreign nationals who have overstayed, encouraging them to self-report to the authorities to _______ an opportunity for prompt repatriation.(A) entrust (B) secure (C) deplete (D) infuse

10 According to Europol, one-third of the organized transnational crime is involved in drug _______ of one form or another.(A) regulating (B) hijacking (C) stalking (D) trafficking

11 (A) drag (B) reform (C) shape (D) broil

12 (A) manageable (B) disputable (C) superficial (D) retainable

13 (A) obtain (B) address (C) confront (D) decline

14 (A) hampered (B) dissolved (C) neglected (D) unregulated

15 (A) exclusion (B) assumption (C) delusion (D) cohesion

16 Which statement best captures the author’s overall attitude toward sharenting？ (A) It is harmless when parents use privacy settings carefully.(B) It is mainly beneficial for strengthening family relationships.(C) It carries unintended long-term risks despite positive intentions.(D) It should be legally prohibited worldwide.

17 According to the passage, why are privacy settings described as unreliable protection？ (A) Social media companies disable them frequently without informing the users.(B) Children can easily change account passwords and lose the access to the settings.(C) The users have technical difficulty to activate the privacy settings.(D) Platform features allow content to reach people other than the users’ intention.

18 In the sentence “sharing children’s photos online can compromise their safety and privacy,” what does the word compromise most nearly mean？(A) balance two different interests (B) expose to possible harm or danger(C) reduce slightly but not seriously (D) discuss and reach an agreement

19 Why does the author mention both traditional online risks and AI-generated threats？ (A) To argue that artificial intelligence is the main cause of online crime.(B) To suggest parents should especially focus on preventing AI misuse.(C) To compare past internet problems with future technological benefits.(D) To show that technology is expanding existing dangers rather than replacing them.

20 What rhetorical function does the statistical data from the Southampton study mainly serve in the article？ (A) It strengthens the credibility of the warning with empirical evidence.(B) It introduces a neutral background description of social media habits.(C) It demonstrates that sharenting is not necessarily declining among parents.(D) It provides striking evidence that may increase readers’ sense of concern.

(一)최근 한국 경제는 반도체 경기 회복이라는 긍정적 신호에도 불 구하고, 잠재성장률 하락이라는 구조적 문제에 직면해 있다. OECD 와 한국은행은 한국의 잠재성장률이 1%대로 하락할 가능 성을 경고하고 있으며, 이는 경제의 최대 성장 능력 자체가 약화 되고 있음을 의미한다. 주요 원인으로는 생산가능인구 감소와 고 령화, 기업의 투자 위축, 총요소생산성 둔화 등이 지적된다. 특히 서비스업의 디지털 전환 지연과 산업 구조 전환 부진은 생산성 개선을 제한하고 있다. 최근 GDP 반등 역시 반도체 산업 중심의 제한적 회복에 의존하고 있어 내수와 서비스업 회복은 여전히 미약한 상황이다. 따라서 단기 경기 부양보다 노동시장 개혁, AI 기반 생산성 향상, 신산업 육성, 규제 혁신 등을 통한 구조적 성 장 전략이 필요하다.

(二)X 시의 사례 분석 결과, 지방소멸 위험은 단순한 인구 감소가 아 니라 경제·산업·교육·교통·의료 등 다양한 구조적 요인이 복합 적으로 작용한 결과로 나타났다. 특히 1 인당 지역내총생산 (GRDP), 제조업 및 첨단산업 일자리, 교육 접근성, 교통 인프라 는 지역의 인구 유지와 경제 활력에 중요한 영향을 미치는 핵심 변수로 확인되었다. 안정적인 일자리와 소득 기반 부족은 청년층 의 수도권 유출과 지역 고령화를 심화시키는 요인으로 작용하고 있으며, 교육 및 교통 여건이 열악한 지역일수록 정주 안정성이 낮아지는 경향이 나타났다. 또한 교통과 의료 접근성의 격차는 주민 생활 만족도와 지역 정주 여건에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 이에 따라 인구감소지역에서는 교육·교통·생활 인프 라에 대한 종합적 투자가 필요하며, 인구감소 관심지역에서는 제 조업 및 첨단산업 일자리 확대와 함께 의료·교통 인프라 확충이 중요한 정책 과제로 제시되었다.

(一)臺灣憑藉高度整合的 AI 半導體供應鏈生態系，在全球 AI 投資熱潮中 成為最主要受益者之一。以台積電為核心，結合 IC 設計、先進封裝、 伺服器製造等上下游產業，形成強大的產業聚落與外溢效果，進一步 帶動內需、就業與薪資成長。相較之下，南韓雖然在記憶體半導體領 域具有全球競爭力，但以三星電子與 SK 海力士為主的產業結構，對 整體經濟與內需市場的擴散效果相對有限。不過，面對 AI、高效能運 算（HPC）、先進封裝與供應鏈安全等新興需求，臺韓近年仍持續深化 合作。

(二)近年臺韓經貿合作持續深化，雙邊貿易、投資與民間交流快速增長。 近期相關論壇聚焦韓國地方經濟、半導體、美妝通路與數位支付等議 題，顯示臺韓在供應鏈、消費市場與數位金融領域的互補性正在提升。 韓國半導體、造船與汽車等產業帶發展，以及臺灣在電商與零售市場 的優勢，也為雙方企業合作帶來更多新契機。同時，韓國品牌積極拓 展臺灣市場，雙邊企業交流、技術合作與商品合作皆呈現持續升溫趨 勢。

三、作文（15 分）
“저출산과 고령화가 사회에 미치는 영향”에 대해 500 자로 서술 하세요.