18. Proteins to be degraded by proteasome need the label of a stretch of

(A) glucose

(B) ubiquitins

(C) biotin

(D) glycosylation

19. Which description about type I topoisomerase is correct?(A) It changes one linking number at a reaction. (B) It cuts two strands of DNA at a reaction.(C) It needs NADPH as a cofactor. (D) It changes twist but not writhe on the target DNA.

20. If a pyruvate obtains an a-amino group through transamination, it would change into(A) an aspartate.(B) a glycine.(C) a serine.(D) an alanine.

21. Life forms that obtain carbon by intake of complex organic molecules are(A) herbivorous(B) heterotrophic(C) benthic(D)heterogeneous

22. Which of the following ion does ATP normally complex with in biochemical reaction?(A) Mg2+(B)Fe2+(C)Fe3+(D)Co2+

23. The AG values for the two reactions shown below are given.(A) -34.1 kJ/mol (B) -32.2 kJ/mol (C) -30.3 kJ/mol (D) +61.9 kJ/mol

24. How many heme groups does cytochrome aa3 contain? (A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 4

25. Consider the section of the TCA cycle in which isocitrate is converted to fumarate. This segment of the TCA cycle can be best described by which one of the following statements? (A) These reactions yield 5 moles of high energy phosphate bonds per mole of isocitrate. (B) These reactions require a coenzyme synthesized in the human from niacin (nicotinamide) (C) These reactions are catalyzed by enzymes located solely in the mitochondrial membrane. (D) These reactions require GTP to drive one of the reactions.

26. In the TCA cycle, a role for thiamine pyrophosphate is which one of the following?(A) To accept electrons from the oxidation of pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate(B) To accept electrons from the oxidation of isocitrate(C) To form a covalent intermediate with the a-carbon of a-ketoglutarate(D) To form a thioester with the sulfhydryl group of CoASH

27. Which one of the following cofactors or enzyme complexes would be most affected by this condition? (A) The concentration of NAD* (B)The concentration of FAD (C) The concentration of coenzyme Q (D)The functioning of the cytochrome-containing components of complex III

28. To reverse the symptoms described, a diet rich in which one of the following food should be recommended? (A) Green, leafy vegetables (B) Whole grains and meat (C) Citrus fruits (D) Chocolate cake

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