23. For a $\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{CO}_3$ solution at $25^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, what is the fractions (in %) of HCO₃^- at pH 9.00? 

H₂CO₃(aq)⇌H⁺(aq)+HCO₃^-(aq) K_a1=4.3×10^-7

HCO₃^-(aq) ⇌H⁺(ag)+CO₃^-(aq)   K_a2 =4.8 x 10^-11

 
(A) < 20
(B) 20-39
(C) 40-69
(D) 70-90
(E) >90

24. If $\mathrm{H}_3\mathrm{A}$ is a triprotic acid with $k_{a1} = 1 \times 10^{-4}$, $k_{a2} = 1 \times 10^{-8}$, $k_{a3} = 1 \times 10^{-14}$. What is the equilibrium concentrations of $[\mathrm{HA}^{2-}]$ in a $1.0\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{H}_3\mathrm{A}$ aqueous solution? (A) $1 \times 10^{-7}$ (B) $1 \times 10^{-6}$ (C) $1 \times 10^{-10}$ (D) $1 \times 10^{-9}$ (E) $1 \times 10^{-8}$

25. A 50.0-mL sample of $0.10\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{HCN}$ (if $K_a = 7 \times 10^{-10}$) is titrated with $0.10\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{NaOH}$, what is the pH of the solution at the halfway point in the titration? (Select the closest pH) (A) $\sim 9$ (B) $\sim 10$ (C) $\sim 11$ (D) $\sim 12$ (E) $\sim 8$

26. What is the pH of a $1.0\ \mathrm{M}$ solution of $\mathrm{NaH_2PO_4}$? (For $\mathrm{H_3PO_4}$, $K_{a1} = 7.5 \times 10^{-3}$, $K_{a2} = 6.2 \times 10^{-8}$, and $K_{a3} = 4.8 \times 10^{-13}$). Select the closest pH. (A) $\sim 6$ (B) $\sim 5.5$ (C) $\sim 4$ (D) $\sim 4.5$ (E) $\sim 5$

27. What is the solubility (M) of solid AgCI in a 10.0 M NHs solution? AgCI(s)+2NH3(aq) ⇌Ag(NH3)2+ (aq)+CI -(aq) If K=2.8 X 10-3 Select the closest solubility (M). (A)~0.3 (B)~0.4 (C)〜0.5 (D)~0.6 (E)~0.7

28. For a reaction: A $\longrightarrow$ B(g) + C(g) was studied at two temperature and the following values of k were obtained. (Hint: Arrhenius equation: $ = A e?/RT). What is the value of Ea for this reaction? Select the closest Ea (in kJ/mol). (A) ~80 (B) ~100 (C) ~120 (D) ~140 (E) ~160

29. Select the right configuration assignment ($R$ or $S$) for the following two organic compounds.  (A) Compound I is S and compound II is R (B) Compound I is R and compound II is S (C) Compound I is R and compound II is R (D) Compound I is S and compound II is S (E) Can not determine

30. What is the best structure for $\mathbf{C_9H_8O_2}$ which with the following NMR data? $^{1}\mathrm{H}$ NMR data.: $\delta$ 9.89 (1 H, s), 7.88 (2 H, d, $J = 7\mathrm{Hz}$), 7.29 (2 H, d, $J = 7\mathrm{Hz}$), 3.83 (1 H, t, $J = 7\mathrm{Hz}$), 2.96 (1 H, dd, J = 7 & $3.5\mathrm{Hz}$), 2.71 (1 H, dd, J = 7 & $3.5\mathrm{Hz}$). $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ NMR also attached, as shown below. (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

31. A partially oxidized silicon wafer is analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sample is irradiated with a monochromatic Al Kα with a wavelength of 0.83 nm. The detector records electrons with two kinetic energies: 1387.3 eV and 1383.3 eV. Which of the following statements corresponds to the binding energy (BE) and the chemical species (the work function of the spectrometer can be neglected)? (A) BE = 99.3 eV for Si⁴⁺; BE = 103.3 eV for Si⁰ (B) BE = 99.3 eV for Si⁰; BE = 103.3 eV for Si⁴⁺ (C) BE = 1387.3 eV for Si⁰; BE = 1383.3 eV for Si⁴⁺ (D) BE = 1387.3 for Si⁴⁺; BE = 1383.3 eV for Si⁰ (E) BE = 4 eV for both Si⁴⁺ and Si⁰.

32. Green hydrogen is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water using renewable electricity. Using a solar cell to electrolyze water, calculate the volume of green hydrogen (assuming as an ideal gas) produced by applying a current of 2.5 A for 30 min in an ambient environment (273 K, 1 atm). (A) 131 mL (B) 262 mL (C) 393 mL (D) 522 mL (E) 655 mL

33. Phytic acid (PA) is a natural product abundant in some edible plants. It is soluble in water, but forms insoluble precipitates (FePA) when it interacts with iron ions, thereby affecting iron absorption in the body. Choose the INCORRECT statement regarding the change of thermodynamic properties ($\Delta G_{\text{soln}}$, $\Delta H_{\text{soln}}$, and $\Delta S_{\text{soln}}$) during the dissolution of PA and FePA. (A) $\Delta G_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (B) $\Delta G_{\text{soln}} > 0$ for FePA (C) $\Delta H_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (D) $\Delta S_{\text{soln}} < 0$ for PA (E) $\Delta S_{\text{soln}} > 0$ for FePA 

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