30. What is the major target of statins (a group of hypocholesterolemic drug)?
(A) Cholesterol 7 -hydroxylase
(B) Fatty acid synthase
(C) HMG-CoA reductase
(D) acetyl-CoA carboxylase
(E) acyl-CoA synthetase

31. What are the general characteristics of catabolism in biological systems? (A) endergonic reaction and ATP consumption (B) endergonic reaction and ATP generation (C) exergonic reaction and ATP consumption (D) exergonic reaction and ATP generation (E) no energy changes.

32. Which following group of oxidoreductases does catalase belong to? (A) oxidases (B) dehydrogenases (C) hydroperoxidases (D) oxygenases (E) hydroxylases.

33. Which enzyme is not involved in glycogen synthesis from glucose to glycogen? (A) hexokinase (B) glucan transferase (C) phosphoglucomutase (D) UDPGIc pyrophosphorylase (E) glycogen synthase.

34. What is one unit of urea biosynthesized from? (A) two units of NH4+ and one unit of CO2 (B) one unit of as well as one ne unit of carboxyl and amino groups of arginine (C) one unit of , one carboxyl group of aspartate, and one unit of amino group of arginine (D) one unit of , one carboxyl group of arginine, and one unit of amino group of aspartate (E) one unit of , one unit of CO2 and one unit of amino group of aspartate.

35. Which following enzyme is not in mitochondria? (A) uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (B) protoporphyrinogen oxidase (C) ferrochelatase (D) carbamoyl phosphate synthase I (E) ornithine transcarbamoylase.

36. Which of the following structure is the correct Fischer projection of D-glucose? (A)(B)(C)(D)(E)

37. Three among the ten glycolytic enzymes catalyze chemical reactions which are principally irreversible in physiological conditions. They are (A) Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, pyruvate kinase (B) Hexokinase, phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruvate kinase (C) Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, phosphoglycerate kinase (D) phosphofructokinase-1, phosphoglycerate kinase, pyruvate kinase (E) None of the above

38. Considering the structural complexity of carbohydrates, it is not surprising that many of the cell surface molecules are glycoproteins and particular combinations of various glycoproteins can serve as identification of specific cell types. In these glycoproteins the carbohydrate moiety is added to the side chain of which amino acid? (A) Serine via an O-glycosidic bond (B) Tyrosine via an O-glycosidic bond (C) Lysine via an N-glycosidic bond (D) Histidine via an N-glycosidic bond (E) All the above are possible

39. Which of the following statements about glycogen is/are   WRONG  ? (A) Glycogen is important energy storage of animals although the storage capacity will be depleted within hours without any exogenous source of energy. (B) Breakdown of glycogen is performed by glycogen phosphorylase, which converts one glucose moiety to glucose-6-phosphate from the non-reducing end of the polymer. (C) A debranching enzyme is also required for breakdown of glycogen. (D) All of the above. (E) None of the above.

40. Fluoroacetate is a potent toxin which kills cells by completely disrupting the citric acid cycle and depriving cells of energy. In mammalian cells, fluoroacetate is converted to fluoroacetyl-coenzyme A and then to fluorocitrate. Which enzyme in the citric acid cycle is the target of fluoroacetate? (A) Citrate synthase (B) Aconitase (C) Isocitrate dehydrogenase (D) Succinyl-CoA synthetase (E) Fumarase

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