45. Based upon the passage, with which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?

 I. When addressing social justice, it is imperative to consider whether the attitudes and positions of persons, and persons themselves, are just or unjust. 

II. Particular actions of many kinds, including decisions, judgements, and imputations, are not the primary subject of justice. 

III. How fundamental duties and rights are assigned are important for the achievement of social justice.
(A) I, II, and IIl
(B) I and II only
(C) II and III only
(D) I and Ill only
(E) III only

46. Based upon the passage, which of the following is LEAST likely to reproduce what the author describes as "'especially deep inequalities" (A) Racism (B) Meritocracy (C) Feudalism (D) Misogyny (E) Aristocracy

47. The monogamous family refers to the family which (A) is built upon a relationship with only one partner at a time. (B) is formed by family members of one identical ethnic origin. (C) has its youngsters grow up in a monolingual environment. (D) has no experience of relocations. (E)has a homosexual couple as the parents.

48. Based on the passage, it could be inferred that a person's outlook (A) has nothing to do with the basic structure of society. (B) determines his social position. (C) is influenced by the major social institutions. (D) reflects his or her attitudes toward justice. (E) only depends on his merit or desert.

49. Based upon the passage, it is most likely the author would agree with which of the following statements? I. Inequalities produced by major social institutions are probably unavoidable. II. The political system has profound effects on a person's chances in life from the very beginning. III. The principles of social justice must apply to the inequalities in the basic structure of society in the first instance. (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) II and Ill only (E) I, II and IIl

50. According to the author, the justice of a social scheme primordially depends on which of the following? I. the way in which the major social institutions distribute fundamental rights and duties II. advantages from social cooperation Ⅲ. the economic opportunities and social conditions in the various sectors of society (A) I only (B) I and II only (C) Il and I'll only (D) I and III only (E) I, II and IIl

1. One mole of an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal reversible expansion at 300 K. During this process, the system absorbs 450 J of heat from the surroundings. When this gas is compressed to the initial state in one step isothermally, twice as much work is done on the system as was performed on the surroundings during the expansion. Which of the following statements about these processes are correct?I. for the one-step isothermal compression is 1.5 J/K. II. for the one-step isothermal compression is 3.0 J/K. III. for the reversible isothermal expansion is zero. IV. for the overall process (expansion and compression) is zero. V. for the overall process (expansion and compression) is -1.5 J/K. (A)I,II (B)Ⅱ,Ⅲ(C)Ⅱ,Ⅲ,IV(D)Ⅱ，Ⅲ，V (E)I,IV,V

2. Which of the following statements about ligands, d-block metals, and coordination complexes is correct? (A) The cyanate ion (OCN' can have three different Lewis structures, in which all the N atoms have the same formal charge. (B) Zinc is a component of vitamin, which is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. (C) [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ has cis-trans isomers, and the cis isomer is optically active. (D) [Cr(en)(NH3)2l2]+(en = ethylenediamine) has three geometrical isomers. (E) The octahedral complexes are more appropriate than the octahedral complexes to be used to determine the field strength of a ligand.

3. Consider 1.0 mole of an ideal gas contained in a 2.0 L bulb at 27℃. This bulb is connected to a 10.0 L sealed, initially evacuated bulb via a valve. When the valve is opened, the temperature is assumed to remain constant. Which of the following statements is incorrect? (gas constant R = ) (A) The final pressure at equilibrium will be 2.1 atm. (B) The enthalpy change (△H) for this process is zero. (C) This is a spontaneous process. (D) Work does not occur during the expansion of this gas. (E) The driving force for this process to occur is an increase in the internal energy.

4. Compound X, like most substances, exhibits only three phases: solid, liquid, and vapor. The triple point of X is at 90 torr and 115 ℃. Which of the following statements concerning the liquid and gaseous X is correct? (A) X(I) cannot exist at 1 atmosphere pressure.(B) X(I) cannot exist above 115℃. (C) X(g) cannot exist below 115 ℃. (D) X(I) cannot have a vapor pressure greater than 90 torr. (E) X(l) cannot exist at a pressure of 15 torr.

5. Given the following half-reactions and associated standard reduction potentials: Calculate the standard reduction potential for the following half-reaction:(A)-0.23V (B) -0.46 V (C) -0.85 (D) -1.23 V (E) -1.70 V

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