8. Progesterone is a key female hormone with the structure on the right. Which of the following statements about this structure is correct?

(A) It has two n-bonds.
(B) It has six chiral carbon atoms.
(C) Three carbon atoms are sp² hybridized.
(D) Both oxygen atoms are sp hybridized.
(E) It has two lone pairs of electrons in the Lewis structure. R

9. Which of the substances listed below can be transformed in nature according to the pathway shown in the diagram on the right, and for which substance R can react directly with water to form M?

10. Three possible Lewis structures (①, 2 and ③) can be drawn for nitrous oxide (N2O). Which of the following statements regarding N₂O and its Lewis structures is correct? (A) The oxidation state of nitrogen in N2O is +2. (B) The formal charge on the oxygen atom is the same in all three Lewis structures. (C) Based on formal-charge considerations, ①is the most fayorable. (D) Based on formal-charge considerations, ② is the most favorable. (E) The terminal nitrogen atom in ③ is sp-hybridized.

11. Pt(NH3)2Cl₂ has two isomers,① and② , as shown in the figure below. Compound① is called cisplatin, and compound ②is called transplatin. One of them is an anticancer drug, and one is inactive. The anticancer drug works by its chloride ions undergoing a substitution Cl NH3 CI NH reaction with nitrogen atoms in DNA Pt Pt that are close together, forming a N-Pt-N angle of about 90°. Which of the following statements regarding the  structures and properties of isomers ①and ② is correct? (A) The types of chemical bonds present in Pt(NH3)2C2 are coordinate (dative) bonds and ionic bonds. (B) The d-orbital splitting patterns of the metal center in① and② are identical. (C) Compound ② is the anticancer drug. (D)① and② have identical polarity. (E) IR spectroscopy can be used to distinguish between ① and②.

12. A solution saturated with a salt ofthe type M₂X has an osmotic pressure of 3.69 x10-2 atm at 300 K. Assuming ideal behavior, what is the Ksp value for the salt? (R = 0.082 atm·L mol-1K-1) (A) 5.6 x 10-5 (B) 2.3 x 10-6 (C) 2.5 x 10-7 (D) 1.4 x 10-8 (E) 5.0 x 10-10

13. At 25 ℃, a solution is formed by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.200 M HNO3, 25.0 mL of 0.200 М HCООH, 25.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH, 25.0 mL of 0.100 M Ba(OН)2, and 20.0 mL of 0.100 M KOH. Assuming the volume change during the mixing can be ignored. What is the pH of this solution? (Ka= 1.8 x 10-4 for HСООН, log2 =0.301, log3 = 0.477) (A) 6.90 (B) 5.58 (C) 4.91 (D) 3.92 (E) 3.57

14. Given the thermochemical data: What is the △H° for the reaction: 2 CH4→ C2H4 +2 H2? (A) a/2-d+ b/2 (B)-a+b + 2c + d/2 (C) 2b-d/2-a/2-c (D) a-b+2c + d (E) b+d-a-2c

15. Many organic compounds containing thiol groups (-SH) are antidotes for the heavy metal element mercury poisoning. For example, the antidote compound I produces compound II with mercuric oxide as shown below.Compound III is also a mercury detoxifier. Compound IV is a strong acid. Which of the following statements is correct? (A) In compound I, the S atoms take on sp hybridization. (B) The electronegativity of the S element is the greatest in compound II. (C) the C-C-C bond angle is 180° in compound III. (D) There are ionic and covalent bonds in compound III. (E) The bond energies of the sulfur-oxygen bonds are equal in compound IV.

16. Compound Y has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties and can be produced from X.  Which of the following statements about compounds X and Y is correct? (A) 1 mol of X reacts with a maximum of 2 mol of NaOH. (B) X can be obtained by esterification of Y with ethanol. (C) X and Y both react with acidic KMnO4 solution. (D) At room temperature, X and Y react with sufficient amounts of Br2 to produce products containing different numbers of chiral centers. (E) All C and O atoms in both X and Y are coplanar.

17. Which of the following is a chiral compound? (A)①(B)②(C)③(D)④(E)⑤

18. A compound formed by Ni and Al may form a structure with the unit cell shown on the right. Based on the provided information, which of the following statements is incorrect?(A) This compound is an ionic solid. (B) Each Ni atom is surrounded by 4 Al atoms. (C) Each Al atom is surrounded by 12 Ni atoms. (D) Each unit cell contains 1 Al atom. (E) This compound has a higher melting point than aluminum metal OAl Ni NTHU115

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