(c) (5 marks) Explain whether the pKn of alanine is smaller or larger in blood than in pure water.

(a) (5 marks) The major inorganic species in shark teeth is known as fluorapatite (FAp) with the formula of Cas(PO4)3F. If some of the "PO4" ions are substituted by carbonate ions, will the amount of ions per FAp unit increase, decrease, or remain the same? Explain why.