1. NTPU 是否可能享有短期超額利潤？請繪圖並輔以文字詳細加以說明。(5%)

二、請舉出可以解釋或呼應下列公共行政特性描述的行政學觀點或主張(至少列舉 3 項，並說明可以解釋或呼應的原因)(25 分，中文作答) 　At all levels of government, public administrators coordinate select government operations and their associated policies in various stages of the policy cycle. These stages include planning, implementing, executing, and monitoring the policies to ensure that they can achieve the intended goals with maximum effectiveness.