31.
(A) presidents |
(B) descendants |
(C) dissidents |
(D) confidants |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

32. (A) exodus | (B) recharge | (C) regime | (D) inflow |

33. (A) with | (B) from | (C) into | (D) to |

34. (A) prior | (B) anterior | (C) inferior | (D) posterior |

35. (A) industrious pollution (C) polluted industrial (B) industrially polluting (D) industriously polluted Passage B: Questions 36-40 (Adapted from "Ozempic or Wegovy Can Be a Godsend, But Their Non-Medical Use Is Alarming" by Devi Sridhar, The Guardian) Since anti-obesity drugs such as semaglutide (branded as Ozempic or Wegovy) have been _36_, they have gone from being niche medicines prescribed by doctors to treat people with type 2 diabetes, _37_ widely as weight-loss tools. In the United States, a survey of adults found that 12% had taken Ozempic or a similar type of medicine—known as GLP-1 agonists—and 6% (about 15 million people) were on it regularly. This was _38_ the monthly cost of the medicine, which is almost $1,000 for those without insurance. In the UK, Ozempic-like drugs have been prescribed on the NHS (free of cost) to people with type 2 diabetes, or when the drug has been deemed medically necessary. Yet just like in the US, the sales of British online retailers including pharmacies and beauty companies have boomed, _39_ they have offered the weekly injection solution to those wanting to _40_ excess weight, at prices as low as about £72 ($92) a month. The consequence is that too many people (including those whose weight doesn't present any health risks) are taking the drug who don't need it. In many cases they don't understand how it works in the body, or its side effects.

36. (A) reprimanded (B) congested (C) depreciated (D) approved

37. (A) to be used (B) to being used (C) to be using (D) to be used

38. (A) despite of (B) in spite of (C) in despite of (D) in spite

39. (A) hence (B) although (C) due to (D) as

40. (A) shiver (B) shrink (C) shun (D) shed Part IV: Reading Comprehension (20%) Choose the best answer for each question. Passage A: Questions 41-44 (Adapted from "Is Modern Food Making Us Sick?" by Idil Karsit, CNBC) More than half of the calories consumed in an average household in the US or UK comes from ultra-processed foods (UPFs). Consumption is already high in the developed world and rapidly increasing in developing countries. However, recent scientific studies have linked eating UPF with serious health issues like diabetes, obesity, and even cancer. Although current studies cannot prove causation, experts believe reducing UPF in a diet is essential for overall well-being. "Eating this stuff regularly, every single day, every meal, accumulating all these chemicals in our body, they make us overeat by 25%," said Tim Spector, a professor of epidemiology at King's College London and the co-founder of ZOE—a personalized nutrition app. "Most of the ultra-processed food that you find are higher in salt, fat and sugar. They are designed extremely tasty, they're ready to eat and they are aggressively marketed, especially to children", Dr. Kiara Chang of Imperial College London noted. In the UK, where 1 in 4 people are obese, there are growing calls for the food industry and the government to act and offer healthier options to the population. The $128 billion British food and beverage industry is the largest manufacturing sector in the country, employing more than 400,000 people. "We are calling for food sector companies to report a set of health and sustainability metrics that would be on a mandatory basis," said Sophie Lawrence, who leads a group of investors called the Investor Coalition for Food Policy, managing assets worth $7 trillion. "We need to make sure that the government and businesses are acting to actually change the food environment people are living in," said Rebecca Tobi, senior business and investment manager at the Food Foundation.

41. Which statement best captures the author's overall position on UPFs? (A) UPF consumption has definitively been shown to cause multiple chronic diseases. (B) UPF consumption is widespread and economically important, making regulation unrealistic. (C) While causation has not been proven, the accumulating evidence and expert opinion justify efforts to reduce UPF consumption. (D) The responsibility for reducing UPF consumption lies with individual consumer choice.

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