50. Which of the following branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) is classified as glucogenic but not ketogenic?
(A) Leucine
(B) Tyrosine
(C) Isoleucine
(D) Proline
(E) Valine

51. In the photoreceptor of rhodopsin, which of the following is the light-sensitive chromophore that absorbs photons of light and initiates the phototransduction cascade? (A) 11-cis-retinol (B) 11-tran-retinol (C) 11-cis-retinal (D) 11-tran-retinal (E) 11-cis retinoic acid

52. Which of the following post-translational modifications (PTMs) or process is NOT involved in collagen biosynthesis? (A) Glycosylation (B) Disulfide bond formation (C) Acetylation (D) Hydroxylation (E) Folding and assembly

53. Which of the following statements about glycogen metabolism is NOT correct? (A) Glycogen synthesis requires glycogen synthase, UDP-glucose, and the a-1,4 → α1,6 branching enzyme. (B) Complete degradation of glycogen requires glycogen phosphorylase, transferase, and a-1,6 glucosidase. (C) Glycogen breakdown directly produces glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P). (D) Abnormal glycogen metabolism can result in glycogen storage diseases (GSDs). (E) The nonreducing ends of the glycogen molecule form the surface of the glycogen granule, where degradation takes place.

54. Which of the following statements about the roles of peroxisome in fatty acid metabolism is NOT correct? (A) Peroxisomes are responsible for the initial steps in the breakdown of very long chain fatty aeids, usually with chains longer than 22 carbons. (B) Peroxisomes can metabolize certain polyunsaturated fatty acids that cannot be processed in mitochondria through ẞ-oxidation. (C) Peroxisomes are the organelles where a-oxidation occurs, which is required to metabolize branched-ehain fatty acids. (D) Omega oxidation also occurs in the peroxisome of cells. (E) During fatty acid oxidation in peroxisomes, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O2) is usually produced as a byproduct.

55. Which of the following molecules are the key components required to form sphingosine, the backbone of sphingolipids? (A) glycine and ceramide (B) serine and palmitate (C) threonine and phosphatidic acid (D) cysteine and glycerol (E) methionine and pantothenic acid

56. In purine biosynthesis, which of the following folic acid derivatives serves as the one-carbon donor required for the formation of the purine ring? (A) N5,N10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate (B) N5-formimino-tetrahydrofolate (C) N5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate (D) N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate (E) N¹0-methyl-tetrahydrofolate

57. Which of the following reactions requires vitamin B12 as a cofactor? (A) Conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (B) Conversion of homocysteine to methionine (C) Conversion of succinyl-CoA to methylmalonyl-CoA (D) Conversion of fumarate to malate (E) Conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate

58. Which of the following second messengers is NOT directly involved in acetylcholine-induced vascular relaxation? (A) inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) (B) Ca2+ (C) nitric oxide (NO) (D) CAMP (E) cGMP

59. Which of the following enzymes does NOT require tetrahyrobiopterin (BH4) as a cofactor? (A) Phenylalanine hydroxylase, which converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. (B) Tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). (C) Tryptophan hydroxylase, which converts tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan (5- HTP). (D) Nitrie oxide synthase (NOS), which eatalyzes the production of nitric oxide (NO). (E) 25-Hydroxylase, which converts cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) to 25- hydroxycholecalciferol

60. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation (below) is widely used in biochemistry to calculate the pH of buffer solutions. When 100 mL of a 0.1 mM buffer solution made from acetic acid (pKa is 4.76.) and sodium acetate with pH 5.0 is diluted to 1 liter, what is the pH of the diluted solution? (A) 4.50 (B) 4.76 (C) 5.00 (D) 5.32 (E) 5.54

115年 - 115 國立中山大學_學士後醫學系招生考試試題：普通生物及生化概論#138369

115年 - 115 學士後醫學系招生考試試題：普通生物及生化概論#138357

115年 - 115 國立清華大學_學士後醫學系單獨招生試題：生物與生化#138208

115年 - 115 國立中興大學_學士後醫學系公費生招生考試：普通生物及生化概論#138023

114年 - 114 學士後醫學系招生考試試題：普通生物及生化概論#126681

114年 - 114 國立中興大學_學士後醫學系公費招生考試：普通生物及生化概論#126435

114年 - 114 國立中山大學_學士後醫學系招生考試試題：普通生物及生化概論#126236

114年 - 114 國立清華大學_學士後醫學系考試︰生物生化#126232

113年 - 113 國立中興大學_學士後醫學系公費招生考試：普通生物及生化概論#119946

113年 - 113 國立清華大學_學士後醫學系招生考試_學士後醫學系：生物及生化#119851