6. Two 5-kg objects with velocities in the unit of m/s collide and stick together. How much energy is lost in the process?
(A) 5 J
(B) 24 J
(C) 78 J
(D) 132 J
(E) 247 J

7. On July 16, 1945, in the Manhattan Project led by Robert Oppenheimer, a physicist named Richard Feynman was observing the nuclear test. After the bomb was detonated (引爆), Feynman saw the flash of the bomb explosion roughly 40 seconds before he heard the sound of the explosion. Given the speed of light is 3.0 × 108 m/s and the speed of sound is 3.4 × 102 m/s, estimate the distance between Feynman and the place of detonation. (A) 1.6 km (B) 1.4 x 10 km (C) 3.1 × 102 km (D) 7.0 × 102 km (E) 1.2 × 107 km

8. According to the second law of thermodynamics, which of the statements below is correct? (A) Heat can never pass from a colder to a warmer body. (B) Heat cannot be converted into work. (C) Heat can flow spontaneously from hotter to colder regions. (D) It is derived from the first law of thermodynamics. (E) The entropy of a closed system always remains unchanged.

9. Two identical satellites, A and B, are circling around Earth in circular orbits. Given the orbital radius of A is twice that of B, what is the ratio of the speed of A to the speed of B? (A) 1 (B) √2 (C) 1/√2 (D) 2 (E) 1/2

10. If the period of a simple pendulum on Earth is T what would be the period of the same pendulum on the Moon, where the gravitational acceleration is 1/6 of that on Earth? (A) √6T (B) √3T (C) T (D) T/√3 (E) T/√6

11. Two spherical shells, A and B, surround an isolated charged point particle. Given that the radius of shell A is twice that of the radius of shell B, what is the ratio between the electric flux through shell A and the electric flux through shell B? (A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 1/2 (E) 1/4

12. A thin hoop rolls without sliding on a level surface (see Fig. 2). What is the ratio between the rotational energy and the translational energy? (A) 2 (B) √2 (C) 1 (D) 1/√2 (E) 1/2

13. A combination of pulleys is shown in Fig. 3, where a weight of mass m₁ is hung on the leftmost pulley, and a weight of mass m₂ is attached to the right end of the string. What is m₂ in terms of m₁ so that the system is in equilibrium? (A) m₁ (B) m₁/2 (C) m₁/3 (D) m1/8 (E) m₁/16

14. The heat capacities of objects A, B, and Care , respectively. If the temperatures of objects A, B, and C are 60°C, 30°C, and 20°C, what is the equilibrium temperature after objects A, B, and C are in touch? (A) 30°C (B) 35°C (C) 40°C (D) 45°C (E) 50°C

15. About two-thirds of a solid wooden ball of density 0.53 g/ml is floating in an unknown liquid. Which of the following liquids could be the unknown liquid? (A) Ethyl alcohol (density 7.89 × 102 kg/m³) (B) Water (density 1.00 × 103 kg/m³) (C) Mercury (density 1.36 × 104 kg/m³) (D) Hexane (density 6.54 × 102 kg/m³) (E) Olive oil (density 9.11 × 102 kg/m³)

16. A rocket weighs 1.7 × 106 kg, where 80% of it is the fuel, and exhausts fuel with a relative speed of 2000 m/s. If the rocket is initially at rest in space, what is its speed after consuming all the fuel? (A) 1.0 × 104 m/s (B) 2.5 × 103 m/s (C) 3.2 x 103 m/s (D) 1.6 × 103 m/s (E) 4.0 × 102 m/s

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