四、 請你描述教師工作的特點，並進一步說明現代化的教師要勝任教學工作，應該具備哪些素養？(20分)

五、 解釋名詞1. 學習共同體(5分)

2. 師鐸獎(5分)

3. 開放教育(5分)

4. 多元智慧(5分)

一、請說明微演化(microevolution)與巨演化(macroevolution)各自的定義是甚麼？並解釋兩者間的異同。(25分)

二、以下圖形表示四種類型植物的孢子體(gametophyte)與配子體(sporophyte)在生活史週期中所佔比例的差異，請說明造成此種差異的主要原因為何？而此種差異與這四種類型植物的生殖方式有何關聯？(25分)

三、試以圖示說明島嶼生物地理學中，島嶼大小及距離種源遠近如何影響遷入率及滅絕率，並進一步決定島嶼物種多樣性。(25分)

四、將體內的含氮廢物排出體外是維持身體正常運作的重要功能，試說明兩生類、鳥類及哺乳類分別用那些型式及機制來將含氮廢物排出。(25分)

III、綜合測驗：下面兩段短文共有 15 個空格，為第 26 – 40 題，每題有四個選項，請依各段短文文意，選出一個最適合該空格的答案。 All of us, young and old, should take part in recycling programs to help conserve natural resources. When you recycle something, 26 of throwing it away, you use it again and again. If you drink juice or soda from an aluminum can, 27, you could throw the can away, 28 would be a waste, or you could recycle it. The aluminum can will be cleaned, 29 with other recycled cans, and re-formed into new cans. Lots of stuff can be recycled: aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers, grocery bags, cardboard, even some kinds of plastic. Recycling helps keep the balance of nature by making sure we don't 30 too much of what nature has to offer. Recycling can even help 31 air and water pollution. If you recycle glass and aluminum containers, then factories won't have to burn so 32 fuel to make new containers. If a factory burns less fuel, then it will put fewer unhealthy chemicals in the air and water. 26. (A) in respect (B) despite (C) instead (D) in spite 27. (A) moreover (B) however (C) in fact (D) for instance 28. (A) what (B) you (C) they (D) which 29. (A) combined (B) combines (C) combine (D) combining 30. (A) go out (B) use up (C) make out (D) come down 31. (A) reduce (B) produce (C) increase (D) maximize

32. (A) few (B) many (C) much (D) little Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? 33 enough, the answer to both of these questions is yes. To some extent, our intelligence is given to us at birth, and there is little we can do to make a 34 out of a child born with low intelligence. Studies have shown that the closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are 35 to be in intelligence. This explains why identical twins have similar intelligence. It also strongly indicates that intelligence depends partly on birth. 第 5 頁 共 8 頁 共同科目 英文 36 , a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his or her intelligence 37 than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Supposing that we take two identical twins and put them in 38 environments, we might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence 39 , and the differences will widen as time goes by. It is clear then that the limits of a person's intelligence are 40 at birth but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. | 33. (A) Friendly(B) Strangely(C) Usually(D) Eagerly | | ------------ | | 34. (A) student(B) patient(C) genius(D) follower | | 35. (A) like(B) likely(C) alike(D) likeness | | 36. (A) More(B) Beside(C) Otherwise(D) On the other hand | | 37. (A) more(B) fewer(C) less(D) larger | | 38. (A) contrasting(B) amazed(C) occasional(D) similar | | 39. (A) develops(B) developed(C) developing(D) be developed | | 40. (A) set(B) ignored(C) sharpened(D) released |

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